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Çalışmamızın, isnad merkezli olması nedeniyle eleştiri konusu olan klasik hadis usulü anlayışına farklı bir boyut kazandıracağı ve güncelliğini koruyan sened ve metin esaslı tartışmalara katkı sunacağı ümidindeyiz. Hadise dair problemlerin çözümü için kaleme alınan eserler incelendiğinde, sened ve metin tenkid sistemlerinin icrasına birbirine yakın oranlarda başvurulmadığı görülecektir. Bu bağlamda muhaddislerin, sened tenkidini tercih ederek metin tenkidinde çekingen davrandıkları bilinen bir gerçektir. Onları böyle bir davranışa sevk eden farklı âmiller söz konusu olmuşsa da haklılıklarına yorumlanabilecek bazı durumların olduğu da malumdur. Rivayet tesbitlerinde sened tenkidine zorlayan farklı bileşenleri dikkatlere sunarak isnad tenkidinin tercih nedenlerini incelemek ve râvî tahlilleri ekseninde teksif edilen çabaların gerekçelerini gün yüzüne çıkartmak araştırmamızın ana temasını oluşturmaktadır. Sahihini sakiminden ayıklamak suretiyle rivayetlerde aidiyet meselesini çözüme kavuşturmak, hadis ilimlerinin en önemli mevzusu olmuştur. Muhakkik muhaddisler bu uğurda ciddi çabalar sarf ederek, biri haberden önce muhabire odaklanmak şeklinde özetlenebilen sened tenkidi, öteki içeriğin İslam’a ve ilmî tecrübeye uygunluğunun test edildiği metin tenkidi olmak üzere iki önemli ilmî kaide geliştirmişlerdir.
We hope that our work will give a different dimension to the understanding of the classical hadith procedure, which is criticised because it is based on isnad, and will contribute to the debates based on sened and text that preserve its up-to-date. When the work taken to solve the problems of the event is examined, it will be seen that the implementation of the Sened and Text Tencid systems is not applied in close proportions to each other. It is a fact that the judges, in this context, prefer the Sened tenk in the text tenk. If there are different kinds of behaviors that lead them to such a behavior, there are some circumstances that can be interpreted. In the Rivayet tesbits the various components that force the sened tenk to pay attention to the study of the preferred causes of the isnad tenk and the reason for the efforts that are texted in the axis of the ravi assessments are the main topic of our research. The fact that he has been able to do so, is that he has been able to do so, and he has been able to do so, and he has been able to do so, and he has been able to do so. The Muhakkik muhaddis have made serious efforts to this end, one has developed two important scientific claims, one that can be summarized in the form of focusing on the reporter before the news, the other content is tested in the text claims where the suitability of the Islam and the scientific experience is tested.
Assessing the narrator and narration relation by sorting out the genuine from the fabricated has been the most important issue of the hadith sciences. The profound muhaddiths (hadith collectors) have made considerable efforts for this cause and have developed two important scientific bases, namely the sanad criticism, which is summarized as a focus on the narrator before the narration, and the matn criticism, in which the inherency of the content is evaluated in accordance with the Islam and scientific experience. When the works penned for the solution of the problems related to the hadiths are examined, it will be seen that the sanad and the matn critical methods are not consulted equally. In this context, it is a known fact that the muhaddiths prefer sanad criticsm more than the matn criticism. And they can also be justified in some instances as there are many reasons behind their preference. The main theme of our research is to investigate the reasons of preference of isnaad criticism by carefully paying attention to the different components that push muhaddiths to use sanad method, and to expose the reasons behind the efforts made regarding the narrator analysis. We hope that our work will add another dimension to the classic hadith methodology which is under criticisms for mainly focusing on isnaad and it will contribute to sanad and matn based discussions that remain relevant.
Field : İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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