Abstract:

The Ottoman state, after its defeats in the last century wars, faced an intense immigration movement from the Balkans. This ended the Ottoman’s Balkanization policy and its presence in the Balkans. After the Balkan Wars and the First World War, Muslim Turks arrived in Anadolu, homogenized the population structure of Turkey and made a significant contribution to the process of building the nation-state. Thus, the new situation that occurred in the Anadolu population, along with migrations, also greatly affected the social, cultural and economic structure. Immigrants, the carrier of change, formed a large part of the sub-structure of Turkey. With this new formation, which took its place in the world as a modern Turkey, the multinational empire structure had left its place to the one-national structure and ultimately to the national state. This study discussed how migrations from the Balkans to Anatolia affected the Republic of Turkey, politically, socially and economically. The policies and social and economic policies followed towards the Balkan expatriates and implemented, the disadvantages experienced, have been thoroughly examined. The economic activities and social lifestyle of the Muslims in the Ottoman territory, the role or influence in the modernization of Turkey, have been widely addressed. Through the discussion of how these expatriates who are skilled in trade, art and art have changed the social, economic and cultural structure of Anadolu, the influence or contribution of this population in the process of nation-state construction has been questioned. After the migrations, the new homogeneous population structure of Anadolu has led to the re-definition of the Westernization and modernization phenomenon. By examining this new definition, we have been trying to explain the political, social and economic reflections and consequences of nationalism in the Republic of Turkey.

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