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Bu çalışmada rehabilitasyon sporları programının yaşlı yetişkinlerin fiziksel performans düzeyi ve fonksiyonel becerileri üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya yaşları 60 ile 89 arasında olan, deney grubunda 183 (99 kadın, 84 erkek) ve kontrol grubunda 171 (94 kadın, 77 erkek) olmak üzere toplam 354 kişi katılmıştır. Çalışmada 50 hafta süreyle, haftada bir gün 45 dakikalık rehabilitasyon sporu programı uygulanmış olup, kas kuvveti, aerobik dayanıklılık, dinamik denge ve beceri ölçümleri yapan ve altı farklı test parametresinden oluşan Senior Fitness Test kullanılmıştır. Fiziksel performans gelişimlerini değerlendirmek ve karşılaştırmak için ön test ve son test uygulanmıştır. Verilerin çarpıklık – basıklık değerleri ile normallik analizine bakılmış, veriler normal dağılım gösterdiği için gruplar arasındaki farkı belirlemede bağımsız örneklem t-testi, grup içi ön test ve son test arasındaki farkı belirlemek için bağımlı örneklem t-testi kullanılmıştır. Yaş gruplarının standart norm değerlerine uygunluğunun belirlenmesinde tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalar için istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak alınmıştır. Çalışmada uygulanan 50 haftalık rehabilitasyon sporu programının yaşlı yetişkinlerin bacak kuvveti, kol kuvveti, esneklik, dayanaklılık ve becerilerine olumlu katkı sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarında ilerleyen yaş ile beraber performans düşüşü gözlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda erkeklerin kadınlara oranla daha kuvvetli, dayanıklı ve hızlı, kadınların ise erkeklere oranla daha esnek oldukları belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar yaşlı yetişkinlerin fiziksel performans değerlendirmeleri için önemli ipuçları vererek, ilerleyen yaşın fiziksel performans üzerine olumsuz etki yaptığını göstermektedir. Bu nedenle fiziksel aktivitenin yaşlılıkta günlük yaşama entegre edilmesi, fiziksel performansın norm değerlerine ulaşmasını olumlu yönde etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir.
This study aims to study the effects of the rehabilitation sports program on the level of physical performance and functional skills of elderly adults. The study included a total of 354 people aged between 60 and 89, including 183 (99 women, 84 men) and 171 (94 women, 77 men) in the control group. For a period of 50 weeks, a 45-minute rehabilitation sports program was implemented a day per week, with the Senior Fitness Test, which was used to measure muscle strength, aerobic resistance, dynamic balance and skills and consisted of six different test parameters. Pre-test and final test have been applied to evaluate and compare physical performance developments. Data confusion - depending on pressure values and normality analysis, the data showed normal distribution, and the differences between the groups were determined by the independent sample t-test, the group-in-group pre-test and the final test, and the depending sample t-test were used to determine the difference between the group-in-group pre-test and the final test. One-way variance analysis has been used to determine the conformity of age groups to the standard norm values. The statistical significance level for comparisons was taken as p<0,05. The study found that the 50-week rehabilitation sports program contributed positively to the strength of the leg, strength of the arm, flexibility, resilience and skills of older adults. The performance has been observed decreased along with the age of the experiment and control groups. It has also been determined that men are stronger, more resilient and faster than women, while women are more flexible than men. The findings show that the advanced age has a negative impact on physical performance, giving important clues for older adults to evaluate physical performance. Therefore, it is believed that the integration of physical activity in the age of age in daily life will positively affect the achievement of physical performance to the normal values.
The present study aims to determine the effects of rehabilitation sports on the physical performance levels and functional skills of elderly individuals. This study involved 354 individuals aged between 60 and 89 years, 183 (99 females and 84 males) in experiment group and 171 (94 females and 77 males) in control group. During the study, 45-min. rehabilitation sports program was performed once every week for 50 weeks and Senior Fitness Test comprised of 6 different test parameters and measuring muscle power, dynamic balance, endurance, and skills was conducted. Pretest and posttest were applied in order to evaluate and compare the physical performance improvements. The normality analysis was performed using skewness and kurtosis coefficients of data. Since the data showed normal distribution, the difference between groups was determined using independent sample t-test, whereas dependent sample t-test was used for determining the intragroup difference between pretest and posttest. One-way variance analysis was used for determining the age groups’ compliance with standard norm values. Comparisons were performed setting the statistical significance at p<0.05. At the end of the present study, it was determined that 50-week Rehabilitation Sports Program was found to have positive effect on leg force, arm force, flexibility, endurance, and skills of elderly individuals. In experiment and control groups, performance decrease was observed with advancing age. Moreover, it was also found that men were stronger, faster, and more enduring than women. The results obtained here provided significant tips for the physical performance evaluations of elderly people and indicate that advancing age has negative effects on the physical performance. For this reason, integration of physical activity into daily life in elderliness would positively contribute to achieving norm values in physical performance.
Alan : Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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