Özet:

This study was conducted in the form of survey studies in the 2018-2019 years to reveal the species of foreign herbs found in the tomato greenhouses in the Kumluca (Antalya) district, one of the most important six-cover production areas in Turkey, their prevalence, intensity and some plant properties, and to determine how the greenhouse type, solarization and fumigation applications affect foreign fertilization. For this purpose, a total of 148 hectares of closed area in 65 greenhouses has been studied. All foreign grass species in the greenhouse are recorded, the intensity, the cover area and the frequency of finding are determined. The identified species, using the relevant sources, have been identified in phytocographic areas and forms of life. According to the construction material (cam & plastic), solarization and fumigation applications and the duration of the survey, changes in the intensity and distribution of species of foreign herbs have been tried to be determined. At the end of the study, a total of 44 foreign grass species of 21 families were identified, including 1 parasite, 5 single-chickened, 38 double-chickened. The majority of the specified species were one-year (61%), terophytes (59) and widespread (52%). The average density of foreign herbs found in tomato greenhouses throughout the province is 25.5 pieces/m2 and the cover area is 13.3%. The most important species in terms of density and coating area, if necessary, are: Amaranthus retroflexus L., Portulaca oleracea L. (semizotu), Cyperus rotundus L. (topalak) and Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr. It is defined as a stone. The common number of species found in plastic and glass greenhouses is 18, and the similarity index is calculated at 0.58 . The intensity of foreign herbs in plastic and glass serums was 25.7 and 22.6 pieces/m2 respectively, and the coverage area was 13.1 and 16.8 percent. In the fumigated greenhouses 28, 42 foreign grass species have been identified in the unfabricated greenhouses, 26 of which have been common. Depending on whether the fumage was done or not, the intensity of foreign herbs was 26.3 - 25.2 pieces/m2 respectively, the cover area was 9.7 - 14.8 per cent respectively. 95% of the greenhouses in the district are solarized and the average time of solarization is 52 days. In solarized and non-solarized greenhouses, foreign grass intensity is fixed at 23.5 and 66.4 pieces/m2 respectively, coverage area is fixed at 11.9% and 18.2% respectively. In light of all this information, the solarization process in the region is very important for foreign herbs and the producers are aware of this, but the foreign herbs have more than 10 percent coverage area and more than 25 square meters of density, and the foreign herbs must be more focused on the struggle.

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