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Osmanlı Devleti’nde toprak yazımı vesilesi olmadan, sadece nüfusun tespitine yönelik ilk nüfus sayımı 1831’de yapılmıştır. Temel amacı ülkenin asker ve vergi potansiyelini tespit etmek olan bu sayımda sadece Müslim ve gayrimüslim erkek nüfus dikkate alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda Yeniçeri Ocağı’nın kaldırılması neticesinde kurulan Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediyye adlı yeni askeri teşkilata asker tedarik etmek için Müslüman nüfusun; cizye vergisi mükellefi olarak da gayrimüslim nüfusun tespitine çalışılmıştır. Bu sayımdan sonra ülkede düzenli olarak nüfus yoklamaları şeklinde yeni sayımlar yapılmış, bu sayımların kayıt edildiği defterler merkeze gönderilmiştir. Genel olarak Nüfus Defterleri olarak isimlendirilen bu defterler, ait oldukları mahallin demografik, sosyal ve kültürel yapısı bakımından son derece önemli bilgiler içermektedir. Bu çalışmada, 1835-1841 yılları itibarıyla Karahisar-ı Sahib kazasında ikamet eden gayrimüslim nüfusun kayıtlarını içeren Reaya Nüfus Defterleri dikkate alınarak, bu nüfusun nicel ve nitel hususiyetleri hakkında bilgiler verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede, öncelikle kazada ikamet eden gayrimüslim nüfusun miktarı tespit edilerek, bu nüfusun mahallelere göre dağılımı, nüfus hareketleri ve doğum-ölüm vakaları incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra, cizye vergisi mükellefi olan nüfusun miktar ve niteliği tespit edilerek bunların gelir durumları ile ilgili değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Akabinde de gayrimüslimler tarafından kullanılan şahıs isimleri, lakaplar ve sülale isimleri ile bunların yaş özellikleri, fiziki durumları, icra ettikleri meslekler tablo ve grafikler eşliğinde açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
In the Ottoman State, the first population count for the identification of the population was made in 1831, without the occasion of land writing. The main objective is to identify the military and tax potential of the country in this number only the Muslim and non-Muslim male population was taken into account. In this context, the Muslim population to supply soldiers to the new military body named Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammadiyye, which was established as a result of the removal of the New Jersey, and the non-Muslim population as a taxpayer. After this counting, new countings were made in the country regularly in the form of demolition of the population, the records in which these countings were recorded were sent to the center. These books, generally referred to as Population Books, contain extremely important information in terms of the demographic, social and cultural structure of the neighborhood to which they belong. In this study, considering the Reaya Population Books, which contains the records of the non-Muslim population residing in the Karahisar-i Sahib crash from 1835 to 1841, it was attempted to provide information about the quantitative and qualitative specifications of this population. In this framework, first of all, the number of non-Muslim populations residing in the accident was identified, the distribution of this population according to neighborhoods, the population movements and the cases of birth-death were tried to study. After that, the amount and nature of the population which is taxpayer was determined and their income status was assessed. In the end, the names of persons used by non-Muslims, letters and surel names and their age characteristics, physical conditions, the professions they perform were tried to be explained along with table and graphs.
In the Ottoman Empire, the first population census only for the purpose of determining population without the excuse of land records was carried out in 1831. In the census the major aim of which was to detect the soldier and tax potential of the country, only Muslim and non-muslim men were taken into consideration. In this sense, it was attempted to determine the Muslim population in order to provide soldiers for the new military organization called “Asakir-i Mansure-i Muhammediyye” established as a result of the abolition of the Janissaries and the non-muslim population as the taxpayers of jizya. Following this, new censuses were conducted regularly as population counts in the country, and the books in which these censuses were recorded were sent to the centre. These books generally named as “Population Books” included crucial information in terms of demographic, social, and cultural structure of the areas where they belong. In this research, information about the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of non-muslim population was tried to be given by considering the Reaya Population Books including the records of the this population inhabiting in Karahisar-ı Sahib district by years 1835-1840. Within this scope, the study tried to investigate this population’s distribution by neighbourhoods, population movements, and birth-death events by firstly detecting the number of the non-muslim population inhabiting in the district. Then by detecting the number and characteristics of the population that was the taxpayer of jizya, evaluations were carried out related to the income status of this population. Subsequently, the personal names, nicknames, and family names used by non-muslims and their age characteristics, physical conditions, and professions were tried to be explained with tables and graphics.
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