Özet:

Early Era Ceramic Murals in Modern Turkish Ceramic Art The terracotta plate wall-tiling method which started between 8th-6th centuries BC in Anatolia, in Phrygia and then in Lydia under Phrygian influence, later evolved into the use of glazed tiles in the interiors and exteriors of palaces and holy structures during the Anatolian Seljuk, Principalities and Ottoman eras. Painted and glazed on one side, these tiles mostly featured geometric shapes, plant motifs, stylized animal and human figures and daily court life in Anatolian Seljuks. Later on in the Ottoman Era, the tiles still remained in use in the same places. However, they mostly displayed plant motifs due to religious limitations and constituted some of the best examples of their type. The developments that came with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century led to many artistic innovations in Europe as well. These developments also affected the Ottomans. Known for his keen interest in art, Abdulhamid II kept an eye on these developments after his crowning and decided to establish an art school in Istanbul much like its counterparts in Paris. This was the beginning of the Sanayii Nefise in 1833. Established as a Fine Arts School, the Sanayii Nefise was run by Osman Hamdi, who had been educated in Paris which was known as the cradle of art at the time. Staffed initially by foreign teachers, the school grew its teaching staff with the return of Turkish students who had been sent abroad for their education. During the early years of the Turkish Republic, ceramic artists were sent abroad, similar to artists in other branches. Upon their return, they approached ceramics with a different understanding than traditional ornamentation and opted for original personal touches. This study includes early period of Contemporary Turkish Ceramic Art, and examples from artists and their works.

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