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Antik Yunan’da ortaya çıkan felsefe, MÖ 4. yüzyıldan MÖ 1. yüzyıla kadarki süreçte pek çok değişime uğrayarak gelişimini devam ettirmiştir. Felsefe, doğadan insana geçerek ilk değişimini, Platon ve Aristoteles tarafından felsefenin genel çerçevesinin çizildiği sistematik dönemle de ikinci değişimini gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu süreçte çizilen genel çerçevenin felsefenin yanında tıp alanını da etkilediği ve bu etkinin MÖ 1. yüzyılda açıkça ortaya çıktığı görülür. Bu çalışma, söz konusu dönemde filozof olduğu kadar hekim unvanıyla da tanınan Athenaeus’un ruh/beden düalizminde hangi düşünce okullarını benimsediğini ve ne tür kaynaklardan beslenerek mesleğini icra ettiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Buna göre Athenaeus’un felsefesini Platon ve Stoacı görüşlerden hareketle açıklamanın o dönemin önemli bir tartışma zeminini oluşturan ruh/beden ilişkisini daha anlaşılır kılacağı ifade edilebilir. Nitekim Roma İmparatorluğu’nun kuruluş döneminde hekimler, fizyolojik ve zihinsel olduğu farz edilen pek çok hastalığı psikolojik tedavilerle gidermeye çalışmışlardır. Ayrıca bu anlayış, bedensel hastalıkların ruhsal durumlarla ilişkili olduğunu göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Hekimlerin psikolojik rahatsızlığı bulunan hastaları dikkat dağıtıcı egzersizlerle iyileştirme çabaları, böyle bir düşüncenin sonucu olarak okunabilir.
The philosophy that emerged in Ancient Greece has undergone many changes and continued its development. The first change in philosophy was realized by shifting focus from nature to man, and the second change was realized by Plato and Aristotle during the systematic period in which the general framework of philosophy was drawn. It can be said that the general framework drawn during this process influenced the field of medicine as well as philosophy. This influence appeared clearly in the 1st century BC. This study aims to reveal which schools of thought were adopted by Athenaeus, who was also a physician as well as a philosopher, in soul/body dualism and what kind of sources he used to practice his profession. Accordingly, one can state that explaining the philosophy of Athenaeus based on Platonic and Stoic thought makes the relationship between soul and body that constitutes an important basis of discussion of that period more understandable. As a matter of fact, during the foundation period of the Roman Empire, physicians tried to cure both mental and physiological diseases by psychological treatments. Furthermore, this understanding is important in terms of showing that physical diseases are also related to mental states. The efforts of physicians to cure patients with psychological disorders through distracting exercises can be read as a result of such a thought.
The philosophy that emerged in Ancient Greece has undergone many changes and continued its development. The first change in philosophy was realized by shifting focus from nature to man, and the second change was realized by Plato and Aristotle during the systematic period in which the general framework of philosophy was drawn. It can be said that the general framework drawn during this process influenced the field of medicine as well as philosophy. This influence appeared clearly in the 1st century BC. This study aims to reveal which schools of thought were adopted by Athenaeus, who was also a physician as well as a philosopher, in soul/body dualism and what kind of sources he utilized for practicing his profession. Accordingly, one can state that explaining the philosophy of Athenaeus based on Platonic and Stoic thought makes the relationship between soul and body that constitutes an important basis of discussion of that period more understandable. As a matter of fact, during the foundation period of the Roman Empire, physicians tried to cure both mental and physiological diseases by psychological treatments. Furthermore, this understanding is important in terms of showing that physical diseases are also related to mental states. The efforts of physicians to cure patients with psychological disorders through distracting exercises can be read as a result of such a thought.
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Dergi Türü : Ulusal
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