Abstract:

This research will provide an outline about the theoretical approach of constructivism, and state identity components in the Middle East states, especially for Iran and Saudi Arabia, and how these state identities affect foreign affairs. State identities and regimes in the Middle East challenging with the trans-state ethnic, geographic, sectarian, cultural and ideological identities in the civil society and state relations in the region. Since the Middle East is a unique mosaic with the ethnic, religious and sectarian terms. But these complex trans-border identical formations, most of the time, are challenging the states to lose control of the country's stability and even encourage other social and political problems in the region. On the other hand, in the Middle East, normative references, in terms of religion, ethnicity and tribal relations, as well as military-state relations and ideology, have affected strongly the state identity building process. These elements played significant roles in the formation of Middle East states, especially Iran and Saudi Arabia. After World War I. the official relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia have been established in 1929, but this relation always fluctuated even in the best times. There are many important reasons such as mutual distrust, historical misconceptions, and different sectarian and ethnic identities. This study focuses on how Iran and Saudi Arabia's state identities are formed and what were the influences of them to their regional politics until 1979.

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