Abstract:

The world’s energy geopolitics shows a constantly changing structure. Under current conditions, today, according to BP data, 86% of global primary energy demand is from fossil sources. While the share of renewable energy sources in energy production increases, hydrocarbon sources will remain dominant in global energy consumption within the projections. In this sense, it is necessary to create the course of global energy policies as fossil resources. According to this, all of the supply, resources and transport geographics in oil and natural gas are strategic in terms of global energy geopolitics. At the point ofining the strong positions of hydrocarbon resources, even by 2050, the share of fossil resources in the total energy demand will be at 75% even within the best probability according to the various scenarios involving reduction in fossil fuel use, despite climate change. In this context, with the continuous increase in global energy demand, oil and natural gas located in limited geographics strongly defines global geopolitics. Because energy reserve and change in supply and demand affect geopolitical balances. In addition, the course of the global economy and the developments in energy technologies are also decisive on geopolitical balances. The demand for natural gas is increasing every year. The fact that natural gas is a more environmental fossil source than coal and oil, the fight against global climate change and the need for national energy policies also strengthens its mission in global energy policies every year. Another development that revealed this situation was the increase in the diversity of sectors in which natural gas is used. LNG has made access to natural gas much easier by eliminating the dependence on pipeline and has become a supporting and determining source for the country’s energy supply security. The LNG trade, which began in the 1960s, has seen a significant increase in the 1990s and has become a strategic resource in the national/global sense today.

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