Abstract:

This study will deal with the approaches of copyright in Arabic language dictionaries throughout history. The emergence of the science of meâcim and the reasons for the classifications in this field will also be mentioned, and also why these sources are named as “mu‘cem/meâcim” and “kâmûs/kavâmîs”. The study covers five linguistic lexicon schools. These; Halîl b. It is the 'Ayn school' attributed to Ahmed al-Ferâhîdî (d. 170/786). There are a number of lexicographers who are subject to this method of Farahidi. The author of the book “el-Cemhere”, which is based on the roots (structures) of words in the classification and use of public in his book, is the al-Jamhare school of Ibn Durayd (d. 321/933). In his work, there is the Mekâyis school of Ibn Fâris (d. 395/1004), the author of the book “Mekâyîsi'l-Luga”, which is based on the alphabetical order of the letters. In addition, the es-Sıhah school attributed to Cevherî (d. 393/1003) and the author of the book “Esâsül'l-Belâga”, Zemaḫsherî, who avoided the order based on the taqlib system and the roots of the words, by following the order of the origins of the words in the author's classification of mu'cem. There is also the school of “al-Asas”, which is attributed to (d. 538/1143). In this book, the author has paid attention to the words of rhetoric in the Qur'an and Ḥadis by declaring the indications of real and metaphorical words. Zemaḫshari's method of forming a public influenced those who came after him. In our study, we will follow the descriptive analysis approach while examining the characteristics of publics. We will also discuss the most important Kamus in terms of form, method of arrangement and the influence of the Arabic language Kamus writing tradition.

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