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İnsan, sosyal bir varlıktır ve toplumsallığının bir sonucu olarak diğer kişilerle sürekli iletişim halindedir. Bu iletişimde birey, anlama ve anlatma becerilerini kullanır. Dinleme ve okuma, anlama becerileri kapsamına girer. Kişilerin ana dillerindeki yazılı veya sözlü ifadeleri anlamalarını sağlayan bu beceriler, Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde de önemli yer tutar. Bu durumdan hareketle bu çalışmada, anlama becerileri olan dinleme ve okuma becerileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu kapsamda, her iki becerinin ne olduğuna, iletişimde nasıl bir rol oynadığına ilişkin bilgiler sunulmuş ve bu becerilerin Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi açısından yeri ve öneminden bahsedilmiştir. Bunun yanında çalışmada, ana dili öğretimi ile Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde anlama becerilerinin verilmesinde ne gibi farklılıklar olduğuna ilişkin bilgilere de yer verilmiştir. Çalışma ile dinleme ve okuma becerilerinin kapsamının ve sınırlarının çizilmesi, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde bu becerilerin yeri ve öneminin belirlenmesi amacıyla kapsamlı bir literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Buna göre, öğrencilerin işitsel mesajları alabilecekleri sosyal ortamlara daha fazla girmeleri, dinleme becerisinin gelişiminde daha hızlı mesafe kat edilmesini sağlayabilir. Ayrıca sunulan dinleme materyallerinin görsel unsurlarla, jest ve mimiklerle desteklenmesi de dinleme becerisinin gelişimine katkı sağlayabilir. Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde okuma becerisinin geliştirilmesi büyük önem taşıdığı ve okuma becerisinin gelişmesiyle diğer becerilerinin gelişimine de bir zemin hazırlanacağı ifade edilebilir. Yabancı dil öğretiminde okuma becerisinin geliştirilmesi için öncelikle bireylerin hedef dildeki metinleri doğru biçimde anlamaları gerekmektedir. Bu okuduğunu anlama işleminde kişinin kelime hazinesinin yeterli düzeyde olması, cümle yapısının ve dil bilgisi özelliklerinin öğrenci tarafından belirli bir düzeyde bilinmesi gerekir. Ayrıca, okunan metinlerdeki içeriğin de öğrencilerin ön bilgileri ile uyumlu olması önemlidir.
Man is a social being and is in constant communication with others as a result of its sociality. In this communication, the individual uses his understanding and speech skills. Listening and reading are the skills of understanding. These skills that enable people to understand written or verbal expressions in their native languages also hold an important place in the teaching of Turkish as a foreign language. From this point of view, this study focuses on listening and reading skills with understanding skills. In this context, information was presented about what both skills are, how they play a role in communication, and the place and importance of these skills in terms of teaching Turkish as a foreign language was discussed. In addition, the study also included information on the differences between the teaching of the mother tongue and the teaching of the understanding skills of Turkish as a foreign language. The scope and boundaries of study and listening and reading skills have been drawn into a comprehensive literary scan to determine the place and importance of these skills in the teaching of Turkish as a foreign language. Accordingly, more entrance to the social environments where students can receive hearing messages can allow them to grow a faster distance in their hearing skills. The support of the present listening materials with visual elements, gestures and mimics can also contribute to the development of listening skills. It can be stated that the development of the reading skills in the teaching of Turkish as a foreign language is of great importance and that the development of the reading skills will also provide a ground for the development of other skills. To improve the reading skills in foreign language teaching, first of all, individuals need to understand the text in the target language properly. In the process of understanding that it is read, the person's word treasure must be sufficient, the phrase structure and language knowledge characteristics must be known by the student at a certain level. Also, it is important that the content in the text read is also consistent with the student’s pre-informations.
Human is a social being and as a result of his sociality he is in constant communication with other people. In this communication, the individual uses comprehension and expression skills. Listening and reading are included in comprehension skills. These skills, which enable people to understand written or oral expressions in their mother tongue, also play an important role in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. From this point of view, this study focused on listening and reading skills, which are comprehension skills. In this context, information about what both skills are and what role they play in communication is presented and the place and importance of these skills for teaching Turkish as a foreign language is mentioned. In addition, the study also included information on the differences between mother tongue teaching and teaching comprehension skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. A comprehensive literature review was conducted in order to draw the scope and boundaries of listening and reading skills with the study and to determine the place and importance of these skills in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Accordingly, the more students enter social environments where they can receive auditory messages, the faster the distance can be covered in the development of listening skill. In addition, supporting the presented listening materials with visual elements and gestures may contribute to the development of listening skill. It can be stated that the development of reading skill is of great importance in teaching Turkish as a foreign language and that the development of reading skill will prepare a ground for the development of other skills. In order to develop reading skills in foreign language teaching, individuals must first understand the texts in the target language correctly. In this reading comprehension process, the person's vocabulary must be at a sufficient level, sentence structure and grammar characteristics must be known by the student at a certain level. In addition, it is important that the content of the texts read is compatible with the prior knowledge of the students.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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