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1
Bu araştırmada, çeşitli ekonomik ve sosyo-kültürel nedenlerle yaşam koşullarının değiştiği, doğal ve geleneksel kültür aktarımının azaldığı günümüzde, sözlü kültür ürünü olan ninnilerin müzikal analizinin yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Betimsel nitelikli olan bu çalışmanın yürütülmesinde, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik incelemesi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Ninnilerin içerik incelemesi yapılırken kategorisel analiz tekniğine başvurulmuştur. Araştırmanın veri kaynaklarını, Kars ve Ardahan il merkezleri, ilçeleri ve buralara bağlı köylerde söylendiği tespit edilen 24 ninni oluşturmaktadır. İçerik incelemesi tekniği kapsamında, ninnilerin müzikal analizi yapılarak bu bölgenin müzik kültürüne ilişkin öğeler ortaya konmuştur. Ezgisel çözümlemesi yapılarak makamsal nitelikte olduğu belirlenen ninnilerin incelenecek kategorileri belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, ninnilerdeki pes ses, tiz ses, ses alanı, makam dizisi, karar perdesi, güçlü perdesi, yeden perdesi, seyir ve ezgisel genişleme oranları; usul analizinde ise; birim, zaman, düzüm, süre değerleri, metronom ve usul geçkileri ele alınmıştır. Bu kategoriler bağlamında incelenen ninnilerin makam ve usul yönünden kimlik bilgileri oluşturulmuştur. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı ölçütlerden frekans ve yüzde kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, analiz edilen ninnilerin 21’inin kırık hava, 3’ünün uzun hava türünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En çok görülen makam dizisinin Uşşak olduğu (%50); usul kullanımı yönünden ise en fazla 4/4’lük usulde (%53,8) ninni söylendiği saptanmıştır. Analiz edilen ninnilerin makamsal ve usul özellikleri bakımından Kars-Ardahan müzik kültürü ile yüksek oranda benzerlik gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
This study aims to perform musical analysis of nins, which are oral culture products, in the present day, when the living conditions are changing for various economic and socio-cultural reasons, the natural and traditional cultural transmission is reduced. In the conduct of this study, which is imagistically qualified, the quality research methods have been used by the content study technique. The Nine's content examination was applied to a categorical analysis technique. The data sources of the study are Kars and Ardahan province centers, districts and related villages, which are identified as 24 nations. In the context of the content analysis technique, the musical analysis of the nins has revealed elements related to the music culture of the region. For example, it is recommended to identify the categories of nins that are identified in the order to be examined. According to this, in the nins, the pace sound, the tide sound, the sound field, the line of office, the decision line, the strong line, the back line, the journey and the excessive expansion rates; and in the procedure analysis; the unit, time, order, time values, metronom and the procedure passes have been addressed. In the context of these categories, the identity information of the nins examined in the direction of authority and procedure has been created. In the analysis of the data, the frequency and percentage of the identifying parameters were used. According to the findings obtained, 21 of the analysed nins were detected in broken air, and 3 were in long-air types. The most widely seen authority series is Servant (50%) and the most widely used procedure is 4/4 (53.8%) and the most widely used procedure is said. The analysis of the nins has been made to the conclusion that in terms of the organic and procedural characteristics of the Kars-Ardahan music culture it is very similar.
In this research, it is aimed to investigate musical analysis of lullabies, which are the product of oral culture, in today’s world, where living conditions change due to various economic and socio-cultural reasons and natural and traditional cultural transfer decreases. Content analysis technique from qualitative research methods was conducted of this descriptive study. Categorical analysis technique was used when examining the content of lullabies. The data sources of the research are 24 lullabies that were found to be sung in Kars and Ardahan province-wide. Within the scope of the content analysis technique, musical analysis of lullabies was carried out and elements related to the music culture of this region were indicated. The categories of lullabies determined to be of a makam’s nature were determined by performing melodic analysis. Accordingly, the low-pitch, high-pitch, sound field, makam scale, decision-pitch, strong-pitch, seventh-pitch, cruising and melodic expansion rates in lullabies; in usul (procedural) analysis; unit, time, level, duration values, metronome and procedural transitions are discussed. In the context of these categories, the identify information of the lullabies examined in terms of makam and usul has been established. Fruquency and percentage of descriptive criteria were used in the analysis of the data. The findings show that 21 of the lullabies were in kırıkhava and 3 of them were uzunhava type among the analysed 24 lullabies. The most common makam scale is Uşşak (50%) regarding to procedural use, this revealed that a lullaby was sung in a maximum of 4/4 usul (53,8%). Overall, the results showed that with careful analysing, the analysed lullabies analyzed were highly similar to Kars-Ardahan music culture with regard to their makam and usul characteristics.
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