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Bu araştırmada, Çukurova’nın on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren ekonomik kapasitesinin artmasının paralelinde Adana-Mersin karayolu altyapısındaki gelişmeler incelenmiştir. On dokuzuncu yüzyıla kadar ekonomik değeri olmayan Çukurova bölgesinin, tek önemi Anadolu’dan Suriye’ye doğru giden uzun mesafeli karayolunun üzerinde bulunmasıdır. Bu durum on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren değişmiştir, bölgenin ekonomik değeri hızlı bir şekilde artmıştır. Artık piyasaya ürün üreten bir yere dönüşmüştür. Bölgenin ekonomik değerinin artmasıyla birlikte Adana ile Mersin Limanı arasındaki karayolu önem kazanmıştır. Çünkü Adana bölgenin en önemli yerleşim yeridir ve deniz kenarında değildir. Mersin ise bölgenin en önemli limanına ev sahipliği yapar. Bölgeye dışardan gelen ve bölgeden dışarıya gidecek eşyalar, Mersin Limanı üzerinden gemilerle taşınmıştır. Böylece bölgenin ekonomik değerinin artmasıyla Adana ile Mersin Limanı arasındaki nakliye ihtiyacı artmıştır. Nakliye ihtiyacının artmasının sonucunda karayolunun geliştirilmesi zorunluluğu doğmuştur. İlk olarak 1853’te Tarsus ile Mersin Limanı arasındaki yol yapılmıştır. Daha sonra 1876’da Adana-Tarsus-Mersin Limanı arasında daha iyi bir karayolu inşa edilmiştir. Ancak, ulaşım altyapısındaki çalışmalar bölgenin ekonomik kapasitesinin büyüme hızının gerisinde kalmıştır. Deve gibi büyük memeli hayvanlara dayalı ulaşım sistemi, mevcut üretimin nakliyesini karşılayamamıştır. Bunun üzerine 1886’da Mersin Limanı ile Adana arasında demiryolu yapılmıştır. Böylece bölgede ekonomik büyümenin baskısıyla, büyük memeli hayvanlara dayalı ulaşım sisteminden motorlu ulaşım sistemine geçilmiştir.
In this study, the developments in the Adana-Mersin road infrastructure were studied in parallel with the growth of the economic capacity of Çukurova from the second half of the nineteenth century. The economic value of the Tsukurova region until the nineteenth century, the only importance is that it is located on the long-distance road from Anadolu to Syria. This situation has changed since the second half of the nineteenth century, and the economic value of the region has rapidly increased. It has now become a product market. With the increase in the economic value of the region, the road between Adana and Mersin Port has gained importance. Because Adana is the most important settlement in the region and is not on the sea side. Mersin is the home to the most important port of the region. The goods that come from the area and go out of the area, were transported by ships through the Mersin Port. Thus, with the increase in the economic value of the region, the need for transportation between Adana and Mersin Port has increased. As a result of the increased demand for transportation, the need for road development was born. It was first built in 1853 between the port of Tarsus and Mersin. Then in 1876 a better road was built between the Port of Adana-Tarsus-Mersin. However, the work on transport infrastructure has remained behind the growth rate of the region’s economic capacity. The transportation system based on large mammals such as Deve has failed to meet the transportation of the current production. In 1886 a railway was built between the Port of Mersin and Adana. Thus, with the pressure of economic growth in the region, the transition from the transport system based on large mammals to the motor transport system has been made.
This study analyzed the developments in Adana-Mersin highway infrastructure in parallel with the increase in the economic capacity of Çukurova as of the second half of the nineteenth century. The only significance of the Çukurova region, which did not have economic value until the nineteenth century, was that it was located on the long-distance highway from Anatolia to Syria. It has changed since the second half of the nineteenth century, and the economic value of the region has increased rapidly. It has now transformed into a place that produces for the market. The highway between Adana and Mersin Port has gained importance due to the region's economic value increase. Adana was the most important settlement in the region and was not by the sea. Mersin would host its most important port. Goods coming from outside and going out of the area were transported by ships over Mersin Port. Thus, the need for transportation between Adana and Mersin Port has increased with the region's economic value. As a result of the increasing need for transportation, the necessity of developing the highway has arisen. The first road between Tarsus and Mersin Port was built in 1853. Then, a better highway was built between Adana-Tarsus-Mersin Port in 1876. However, transport infrastructure has lagged behind the growth rate of the economic capacity of the region. The transportation system based on large mammals such as camels could not meet the shipping need of current production. Thereupon, a railway was built between Mersin Port and Adana in 1886. Thus, there has been a switch from the transportation system based on large mammals to a motor transportation system with the pressure of economic growth in the region.
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