Özet:

Urban development and transportation are human activities that interact with each other and follow each other, but are completely different from each other in terms of facts and effects and control mechanisms. Until the beginning of the 18th century, transportation in almost all of the world’s cities connected more settlements. But after the industrial revolution, after the transport networks made across the world between continents, between cities, between production and market and between workers and, the urban development process has now continued as achieved. The aim of this study is to analyze the mutual relationship of the urban development and transport systems of Adana through the methods of Historical Geography, Remote Detection and CBS and to contribute to literature on this subject. The study first identified the historical geographical methods and the factors affecting urbanization with the establishment and development process of the city of Adana. The Adana city plan of 1872 was provided from the Ottoman archive of the Prime Minister. The oldest city plan that can be reached is the first number sixth. With the help of the city plan of 1924 obtained from the Iller Bank, a second second city development infrastructure belonging to the city of Adana was produced in the CBS environment. The other three substrates to date are LANDSAT MSS and TM satellite images from 1972, 1985 and 2012 created using controlled classification methods in the CBS environment. All of these areas of the city are calculated in relation to the city of Adana. In the study, again, the length calculations obtained by using these substrate and satellite images were made. For years, urban areas and roads have been subjected to correlation analysis and the degree of relationship between them has been measured. The road networks and urban areas are also compared proportionally and according to urban development, the length of the road network is also identified. Adana city establishment place; place of accommodation on important road routes, a passage place during the passage of a large river, a river port place due to the water transport on the Seyhan River, a significant agricultural area like Çukurova is a market center and more transportation factors have been determined. These unchanged characteristics have also made it possible that the settlement continues its existence in the place where it was first established uninterrupted until today. In Adana, urban development and transport interactions, especially after the industrial revolution, are parallel to the world’s cities with time-related delays. After the industrial revolution in 1886 the Adana-Mersin railway arrived in the city, and in 1911 the Istanbul-Baghdad railway arrived. Thanks to the railway connected to the international ports and regions of the period, first the increase in agricultural production, thanks to the industrialization that took place with the help of capital accumulation brought by the increase in production, after 1945 the modern road routes reached the city of Adana. In the 1960s, with the development of the regional road network and airport, the development of the city again followed each other. In 1886, the city was modernly seen only by railway, especially after the 1950s, the urban development in the direction of the transport networks showed the head. But the urban transportation failed to fit urbanization after the 1985s and plans in the city's old centers failed to fit urbanization. Up to the modern urban planning period, cities have evolved spontaneously. The place of each building is selected with the help of a master. Not every architectural structure is integrated with another in terms of planning. In Adana, until the end of the 18th century, the streets were narrow and scattered, the main street was almost not found. Although it was desired to be done repairs on the old settlement area when it was passed into the modern planning period, this situation has begun to ruin the old city tissue. Urban development is often shifted to empty areas towards the surrounding area, while the number of floors of the building has increased, the streets and streets have begun to expand. Daily transportation center due to commercial and administrative areas left in the center

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