Özet:

For years, the fields of "Literature and Linguistics" have mutually fed and supported each other both in the literary and scientific sense. From this point of view, it is not possible to separate Literature from Linguistics and Linguistics from Literature, to see and evaluate them separately or independently. For this reason, studies in which a multidisciplinary perspective is taken into account in social sciences and especially the interdisciplinarity approach is exhibited have gained momentum all over the world in recent years and have become noteworthy. To briefly introduce our work in this contextual framework, in this article based on Pioneer of the Naturalism (Fr. Naturalisme) Movement in 19th Century French Literature Emile Zola's novel Claude's Confessions (Fr. La Confession de Claude) some of the utterances selected from the work will be analyzed in the context of "Perlocution" (Fr. Perlocution) with the Discourse Linguistics approach. After a deep reading of the text, the perlocutions in the novel will be scanned, classified and interpreted in terms of linguistic approach. The key point of the analysis is to illuminate as much as possible the question / problematic of what kind of linguistic signs do perloctions contained in the expressive utterances. The main purpose of the study is to give a certain meaning, classification and dimension to the concept of "Perlocution" in a literary text and to make a contribution to the field in this regard. Starting from Ferdinand De Saussure, the founder of General Linguistics, the theory of "Enunciation" (Fr. Énonciation) with "Analysis of Discourse" (Fr. Analyse du discours), the method which has an important place in French Linguistics within the scope of contemporary western linguistics, method will be used. In this context, the essence of the research is to explain the meanings of perlocutions (perlocutive utterances) through signs as linguistic use in a literary novel with a multi-faceted or multi-dimensional pragmatic approach.

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