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Bu makale, II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde (1908-1918) Osmanlı Devleti’nde karayollarının genel vaziyeti içerisinde Bitlis Vilayeti’nde karayollarının durumunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bilindiği gibi yollar alt yapı hizmetlerinin temel taşı, bir ülkenin gelişmişlik düzeyinin en önemli göstergeleridir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde yolların inşasına özellikle 19. yüzyıl ortalarından itibaren önem verilmiş, bir dizi nizamnameler çıkarılarak yolların inşası ve tamiri hususunda önemli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde de bu tutum devam ettirilerek yolların inşa edilmesine gayret sarf edilmiş, ancak fevkalade siyasi koşullar, bu koşullar çerçevesinde yolların yapılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. I. Dünya Savaşı’na kadar daha çok umuma müteallik, Savaşla birlikte ise askeri açıdan gerekli olan yolların inşasına çalışılmıştır. Bu genel durum Bitlis Vilayeti’nde de yolların inşa edilmesine yansımış, askeri açıdan yapımının önem arz ettiği yolların inşasına öncelik verilmiştir. Ancak her vilayetin kendi varidatı miktarınca nafia bütçelerinin tanzim edilmesi Bitlis’te vilayet varidatının azlığı sebebiyle yolların inşa edilmesinde büyük zorluklar yaratmıştır. I. Dünya Savaşı’nın yarattığı mali buhran merkezi hükümet tarafından ayrılan tahsisatların yolların inşasına yetecek düzeyde olmasını engellemiş, Bitlis Vilayeti’nde yolların inşası konusunda gösterilen çabalar istenilen düzeyde yol yapımını sağlayamamıştır.
This article, II. In the Legitimate Period (1908-1918) the Ottoman State intends to reveal the status of its roadways in Bitlis Province in the general position of its roadways. As it is known, the main stone of the infrastructure services of the roads are the most important indicators of a country’s level of development. The construction of roads in the Ottoman State was especially focused since the middle of the 19th century, and a number of regulations were drawn out and important arrangements were made regarding the construction and repair of roads. and II. In the period of legitimacy, this attitude continued and efforts were made to build roads, but the outstanding political conditions made it necessary to build roads in the framework of these conditions. and I. It has been increasingly committed until the World War, and with the War it has been worked to build the roads that are military necessary. This general situation reflected the construction of the roads in Bitlis province, priority was given to the construction of the roads where military construction is of importance. But each province's own varidity amounted to the discharge of the nafia budgets in Bitlis caused great difficulties in the construction of the roads due to the lack of the province varidity. The financial burst center created by World War I prevented the government’s allocations from being sufficient to the construction of roads, the efforts shown in the construction of roads in the Bitlis province failed to ensure the construction of roads at the desired level.
This article aims to reveal the state of the highways in Bitlis Province in the general state of the highways in the Ottoman Empire during the Second Constitutional Era (1908-1918). As is known, roads are the cornerstone of infrastructure services, and the most important indicators of a country’s level of development. The construction of roads in the Ottoman Empire was especially important since the middle of the 19th century, and a number of regulations were issued regarding the construction and repair of roads. This attitude continued during the Second Constitutional Era and efforts were made to build roads, but the extraordinary political conditions made it necessary to build roads within the framework of these conditions. Until World War I, it was mostly attempted to construct public roads, with the war, however, roads that were necessary for military purposes were constructed. This general situation was also reflected in the construction of roads in Bitlis Province, and priority was given to the construction of roads, of which construction was important from a military point of view. However, due to the fact that public works budgets were arranged according to the amount of each province’s own revenue and the scarcity of the province’s revenue, great difficulties were experienced in the construction of roads. The financial depression of World War I prevented the fund allocated by the central government from being sufficient for the construction of roads, and the efforts made in the construction of roads in Bitlis province were not able to achieve the desired level of road construction.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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