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Çingiz’in bozkır halklarını hâkimiyeti altına toplamaya başladığından itibaren, onun hâkimiyeti altına giren Uygur Türkleri, bir yandan Çingiz’in seferlerine destek verirken diğer taraftan da devletin idari teşkilatında yer alarak, Moğollara dil ve alfabelerini benimsetmişlerdi. Bu şekilde Moğol İmparatorluğu’nun sivil ve askeri teşkilatında yükselmeye başlayan Uygurlar, bu vesileyle Türk kültür ve devlet sistemini de İran ve Anadolu’ya taşımışlardır. O sebeple Moğollar Ortadoğu’ya hâkim olmaya başladıkları dönemde gerek askeri ve gerekse idari açıdan yerli kültürlere muhtaç olmadılar. Hülegü’nün İran’a gelişiyle birlikte tesis edilen Tebriz merkezli İlhanlı devletinin sivil ve askeri teşkilatında da yer alan Uygur Türkleri, önemli roller üstlenmişlerdir. Pek çok İlhanlı şehzadesinin atabeliğini üstlenmiş olan bu medeni Türk toplumu, devletin yıkılışına kadar da önemini korumuştur. Hatta bir Uygur Türkü olan Eratna Bey İlhanlı Devleti’nin dağılmasıyla birlikte ortaya çıkan yeni siyasi ortamı değerlendirip, kendi beyliğini kurmayı da başardı. Moğollarla birlikte gelerek bilhassa Anadolu’nun orta ve doğu bölgelerine yerleşen Uygurların hatıraları günümüzde Anadolu’nun toponomisinde ve sanatında kendisini göstermektedir. Hal böyle iken Moğol işgaliyle Anadolu’ya gelmiş Uygur Türklerinin, bu coğrafyadaki faaliyet ve varlıklarıyla alakalı doğrudan bir çalışma yapılmış değildir. Yapılan çalışmalar genellikle Moğol işgalinin Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesi üzerindeki etkisi üzerinde durmuştur. O sebeple bu çalışmanın böyle bir açığı az da olsa telafi edeceği veya yapılacak pek çok araştırmaya yol göstereceği kanaatindeyiz.
Since Qingzhou began to gather the bozkir peoples under his rule, the Uighur Turks, who entered under his rule, on the one hand supported Qingzhou's flights, while on the other hand, in the state's administrative body, adopted the Mongols their language and alphabets. In this way, the Uighurs began to rise in the civil and military organization of the Mongolian Empire, and on this occasion they transferred the Turkish culture and state system to Iran and Anadolu. Thus, when the Mongolians began to rule the Middle East, they did not need local cultures in military or administrative terms. The Uyghur Turks, who are also involved in the civil and military organization of the Tebriz-based Divine State, which was established along with the arrival of the Hülgü to Iran, have taken on important roles. This civilized Turkish society, which has taken over the ancestry of many Divine towns, has kept its importance until the fall of the state. Even an Uyghur Turkish, Mr. Eratna assessed the new political environment that emerged with the dissolution of the Divine State, and also managed to establish his own belief. The memories of the Uyghurs who came along with the Mongols, especially settled in the central and eastern regions of Anadolu, presently show themselves in the toponomy and art of Anadolu. While this is the case, a direct study of the Uyghur Turks who came to Anadolu with the Mongolian occupation has not been done in relation to their activities and assets in this geography. The studies were often focused on the influence of the Mongol occupation on the Turquoise of Anatolia. Therefore, we believe that this work will replace such a gap, or will lead to a lot of research to be done.
Since it started togather the people of Chingiz under the rule of steppe, the Uighur Turks who came under his rule, while supporting the campaigns of Chings on theother hard, took part in the administrative organization of the state and adopted the Mongols their language and alphabets. İn this way, the Uighurs began to rise in the civil and military organization of the Mongol Empire and on this occasion carried the Turkish culture and state system to Persia and Anatolia. For this reason, when the Mongol sstarted to dominate the Middle East, they didn’t need in digenous cultures both in military anda dministrative terms. The Uighur Turks, who also took part in the civil and military organization of theTabriz-based Ilkhanid State that established with arrival of Hülegü to Persia, played important roles. This civilized Turkish society, which had been the instructor of many İlkhanid princes, maintained. Its importance until the collapse of the state. In fact Eratna Beg, a Uighur Turk, also evaluated the new political environment that emergd with the dissolution of the Ilkhanid State and succeeded in establishing his own principality. The memories of the Uighurs who came with the Mongols and settled in the central and eastern regions of Anatolia, are now present in the art and toponomy of Anatolia. However, there is not direct study about the activities and existence of Uyghur Turks, who came to Anatolia with the Mongol occupation, in this geography. Studies have focused on the effect of the usually Mongolian occupation on theTurkization of Anatolia. For this reason, we believe, this study will compensate for such a deficit, albeit a little, or will guide many studies to be conducted.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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