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18.yüzyıl Osmanlı donanması, çağdaşı olan diğer donanmalar gibi keresteden inşa edilmekteydi. Kereste kullanılarak inşa edilen gemilerde yapılan işlerden bir tanesi zift ve katran kullanılarak yapılan kalafatlama işidir. Kalafatlama işinde kullanılan zift ve katran geminin nem ve sıcağa karşı direncini artırmakta ve dolayısıyla geminin kullanım süresini uzatmaktadır. Devletlerin gemi inşası için büyük masraflar yaptığı 18.yüzyılda bu iki malzeme gemilerin ihtiyaç duymuş olduğu ana malzemelerden birisiydi. Osmanlı Devleti zift ve katranı kendine özgü bir sistemle temin etmekteydi. Ülkede zift ve katranı devlet için üreten kazalar bulunmaktaydı. Bu kazaların halkı her sene belli bir miktar zift ve katranı üretip devlete teslim etmekle yükümlüydü. Burada yapılan üretim yeterli olmazsa devlet bunu serbest piyasada faaliyet gösteren tüccardan temin etmekteydi. Bu tüccarların bir kısmı yerli iken bir kısmı yabancıydı. Zift ve katranın temini için ödenen ücret devletin Tersane-i Amire masrafları için tahsis etmiş olduğu vergi kalemlerinden karşılanıyordu. Zift ve katran kerestesinden inşa edilen gemilerin kullanıldığı dönemde Osmanlı donanmasının ihtiyaç duyduğu ana malzemelerden biriydi. Gemilerin kalafatlamasında kullanılan bu malzemeler gemilerin ahşap kısımlarını nem ve ısıya karşı koruyarak hizmet ömürlerini uzatıyordu. Bu malzemelerin tüketim miktarı gemilerin türüne göre değişiyordu. Kalyon için zift ve katran kullanımı kadırgadan daha fazlaydı. 18. yüzyılda, devletin ana savaş gemisi olarak kalyonu benimsemesi, zift ve katran ihtiyacını artırdı. Bu malzemelerin temin edildiği başlıca yerler, Edremit, Biga, Balya, Bayramiç, Ezine ve Çan gibi bugünkü Kuzey Batı Anadolu'nun önemli yerleşimleridir. Bu kazalar, donanmadaki en önemli zift ve katran kaynağıydı. Anadolu'nun Samsun, Alaplı, Köyceğiz ve Fethiye gibi diğer ilçeleri de devlete zift ve katran sağladı. Anadolu dışında Avlonya, Eğriboz ve Midilli gibi sancaklar ve kazalar bu malzemeleri devlete temin etti. Ancak devlete zift ve katran sağlayan yerleşim yerleri daha çok Anadolu'da bulunuyordu. Osmanlı donanması, zift ve katran temininde kendi kendine yeten bir donanmaydı. Yurt dışından bu malzemelerin temini ancak yerli üretimin yeterli gelmemesi halinde başvurulan istisnai bir usuldü. Bu özelliği rakiplerine karşı mücadelesinde onun avantajlarından birisi olmuştur.18.yüzyılın artan iç ve dış sorunlarına rağmen donanmanın oynadığı hayati role binaen devlet bu konuda masraftan kaçınmamıştır.
The Ottoman Navy of the 18th century was built from crossing, like the other navy with its counterparts. One of the works made on the ships built using crossing is the crossing work made using crossing and cataracts. The zyft and cataracts used in the calfing work increase the resistance of the vessel to moisture and heat and thus extend the vessel's duration of use. In the 18th century, when the states made huge expenses for the construction of ships, these two materials were one of the main materials that ships needed. The Ottoman state was providing Zifte and Katrina with its own system. There were crashes in the country that produced zifts and cataracts for the state. The people of these accidents were obliged to produce a certain amount of zifts and cataracts each year and to deliver to the state. If the production was not sufficient, the government would provide it with traders operating in the free market. Some of these traders were domestic, while some were foreign. The salary paid for the supply of Zift and catara was paid from the tax pen that the state has allocated for the costs of Tersane-i Amire. It was one of the main materials that the Ottoman Navy needed during the time when ships built from Zift and cataracts were used. These materials used in the shipyarding extended the service life by protecting the wooden parts of the vessels from humidity and heat. The consumption of these materials varied according to the type of ships. The use of Zifte and Catran for Kalion was more than the cranberry. In the 18th century, the adoption of calion as the state’s main battle vessel increased the need for zift and cataracts. The main places where these materials are supplied are the important settlements of today's northwestern Anadolu, such as Edremit, Biga, Balya, Bayramiç, Ezine and Chan. These accidents were the most important source of zifts and catars in the naval. The other districts of Anadolu, such as Samsun, Alaplı, Köyceğiz and Fethiye, also provided the state with zift and cataran. Outside of Anatolia, such as Avlonya, Eğriboz and Midilli, and accidents provided these materials to the state. But the settlements that provided the state with zifte and cataran were more located in Anatolia. The Ottoman Navy was a self-sufficient naval in the supply of zift and cataracts. The supply of these materials from abroad was an exceptional procedure only requested if the domestic production was not sufficient. This feature has been one of its advantages in the fight against its rivals.Though the increasing internal and external problems of the 18th century, the state building the vital role the naval plays has not escaped the expenditure in this regard.
The 18th century Ottoman navy was built of timber, like other navies of its contemporaries. One of the work done on ships built using timber is caulking using bitumen and tar. The pitch and tar used in the caulking work increase the resistance of the ship against moisture and heat and thus extend the service life of the ship. These two materials were one of the main materials that ships needed in the 18th century, when states made huge expenses for shipbuilding. The Ottoman State supplied pitch and tar with a unique system. There were accidents in the country that produced tar and tar for the state. The people of these accidents were obliged to produce a certain amount of tar and tar every year and deliver it to the state. If the production here was not sufficient, the state provided it from the merchants operating in the free market. While some of these merchants were domestic, some were foreign. The fee paid for the supply of tar and tar was covered by the tax items allocated by the state for the expenses of the Shipyard-i Amire. It was one of the main materials needed by the Ottoman navy during the period when ships built from bitumen and tar timber were used. These materials used in the caulking of the ships were protecting the wooden parts of the ships against moisture and heat and extending their service life. The amount of consumption of these materials varied according to the type of ships. The use of pitch and tar for galleon was more than the galley. In the 18th century, the state's adoption of the galleon as the main warship increased the need for pitch and tar. The leading places where these materials were supplied were the major settlements of today's North West Anatolia such as Edremit, Biga, Balya, Bayramiç, Ezine and Çan. These accidents were the most important source of pitch and tar in the navy. Other districts of Anatolia such as Samsun, Alaplı, Köyceğiz and Fethiye also provided pitch and tar to the state. Outside of Anatolia, sanjaks and accidents such as Vlorë, Euboea and Lesbos provided these materials to the state. However, the settlements that provided pitch and tar to the state were mostly in Anatolia.The Ottoman navy was self-sufficient in the provision of pitch and tar. The procurement of these materials from abroad was an exceptional procedure applied only if domestic production was not sufficient. This feature has been one of its advantages in the struggle against its rivals. Despite the increasing internal and external problems of the 18th century, the state did not avoid costs due to the vital role played by the navy.
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