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Sünni-Şiî Geleneğinde Muhkem ve Müteşâbih Olgusu –İbn Âşûr ve Tabâtabâî Örneği- / The Fact of Muhkam and Mutashabih in Sunni-Shia Tradition -The Case of Ibn Ashur and Tabatabai- / -ظاهرة المحكم والمتشابه عند السنة والشيعة -مثال ابن عاشور والطباطبائي
2019
Dergi:  
İlahiyat Akademi Dergisi
Yazar:  
Özet:

تدخل الاختلافات التي تظهر في توضيح مصطلح الحكم والتشابه ضمن مشكلات التفسير. ومن المهم تحديد ما إذا كان هناك اختلافات في أفكار الفسرين النتمين للمذهب السني والشيعي. والذي يظهر بينهم اختلاف في وجهات النظر تجاه بعض مشكلات التفسير فيما يتعلق بمسألة الحكم والتشابه وفي هذه الدراسة: أولاً تتم مراجعة وتيرة التطور التاريخي لمصطلحات: الحكم والتشابه في كلا الذهبين. وبناءً على ذلك، سيتم تناول آراء ابن عاشور والطباطبائي، في هذا الوضوع، وكلاهما من الفسرين الحدثين الذين يدافعون عن الفكر السني والشيعي، وتقييم النقاط التي تم التوصل إليها في هذا السياق. فعند النظر إلى السار التاريخي لوضوع الحكم والتشابه، يُرى أن هناك مقاربات كبيرة بين آراء العلماء السنة والشيعة. ووفقاً لعلماء السلف عند السنة وعلماء الإخبارية عند الشيعة، فإن معنى مصطلح التشابه لا يعلمه سوى الله. ولكن يظهر أيضاً اختلاف جزئي بين علماء السلف والإخبارية فيما يتعلق بمفهوم الحكم والتشابه؛ ففي آراء علماء السلف، يتم تسمية الكلمات الستخدمة كأسماء للحالات الغيبية في الآيات القرآنية باسم متشابه. وعند علماء الإخبارية، فإن جميع الآيات القرآنية تقع في حكم التشابه نظراً لإمكانية فهم القرآن الكريم بشكل صحيح فقط من قبل الأئمة العصومين. ومن ناحية أخرى، يرى العلماء الأصوليون أنه لا يوجد آيات مبهمة العنى في القرآن الكريم فابن عاشور والطباطبائي الذين قدموا إسهامات كبيرة للعالم العلمي، لديهم آراء اجتهادية في مسألة الحكم والتشابه. ومع ذلك، فإن هذه الآراء قادرة على تمهيد الطريق لن اقشات جديدة. على سبيل المثال، يعتقد ابن عاشور أن الإعجاز العلمي في القرآن الكريم، أحد حكم وجود التشابه في القرآن. ووفقًا للطباطبائي، فإن السبب في ذلك هو وجود الآي ات التي تحتاج إلى التأويل في القرآن

Anahtar Kelimeler:

The Fact of Muhkam and Mutashabih in Sunni-Shia Tradition - The Case of Ibn Ashur and Tabatabai - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2019
Yazar:  
Özet:

The differences seen in the definitions regarding the concepts of muhkam (decisive) and mutashabih (similar) are some of the problems in the discipline of interpretation. It is important to determine whether mufassirs (commentators) from Sunni and Shiite traditions, who have different approaches to some of the tafsir problems, have a disagreement about their ideas for muhkam and mutashabih. This study primarily analyzed the historical development of the terms "muhkam" and "mutashabih" in both traditions. Accordingly, by addressing the opinions of Ibn Ashur and Tabatabai, who are some of the recent mufassirs advocating Sunni and Shiite ideas, the final point reached in this context was comparatively evaluated. A review of the historical course of muhkam and mutashabih would indicate that the approaches of Sunni and Shiite scholars largely correspond to each other. According to the Salafi scholars among Sunnis and Akhbari scholars among Shiite people, the meanings of mutashabih expressions can only be known by God. However, a partial difference can be seen between the muhkam-mutashabih perceptions of Salaf and Akhbari scholars. In the approach of Salafi scholars, the terms used as the names for unknown states in verses are called mutashabih. However, according to the Akhbari scholars, as the Quran can only be understood truly by the innocent imams, all of the verses are mutashabih. On the other hand, there are no verses in the Quran whose meaning is not known, according to Khalaf scholars among Sunnis and Usulis in Shiites, in general.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

The Fact Of Muhkam and Mutashabih In Sunni-shia Tradition -the Case Of Ibn Ashur and Tabatabai-
2019
Yazar:  
Özet:

The differences seen in the definitions regarding the concepts of muhkam (decisive) and mutashabih (similar) are some of the problems in the discipline of tafsir. It is important to determine whether mufassirs (commentators) from Sunni and Shiite traditions, who have different approaches toward some of the tafsir problems, have a disagreement about their ideas for muhkam and mutashabih. This study primarily analyzed the historical development of the terms “muhkam” and “mutashabih” in both traditions. Accordingly, by addressing the opinions of Ibn Ashur and Tabatabai, who are some of the recent mufassirs advocating Sunni and Shiite ideas, the final point reached in this context was comparatively evaluated. A review of the historical course of muhkam and mutashabih would indicate that the approaches of Sunni and Shiite scholars largely correspond to each other. According to the Salafi scholars among Sunnis and Akhbari scholars among Shiite people, the meanings of mutashabih expressions can only be known by God. However, a partial difference can be seen between the muhkam-mutashabih perceptions of Salaf and Akhbari scholars. In the approach of Salafi scholars, the terms used as the names for unknown states in verses are called mutashabih. However, according to the Akhbari scholars, as the Quran can only be understood truly by the innocent imams, all of the verses are mutashabih. On the other hand, there are no verses in the Quran whose meaning is not known, according to Khalaf scholars among Sunnis and Usulis in Shiites, in general.

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