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Son yıllarda Türkiye’nin gündemini oldukça meşgul eden zorunlu göç, başta siyaset bilimleri olmak üzere çeşitli disiplinler tarafından uyum, eğitim, güvenlik, sağlık ve toplumsal cinsiyet gibi farklı çerçevelerde tartışılmaktadır. Ancak zorunlu göç olgusunun toplumsal cinsiyet ile ilişkilendirildiği araştırmalara bakıldığında, çalışmaların, daha fazla soruna maruz kalmaları nedeniyle çoğunlukla kadınlara odaklandığı görülmektedir. Sığınmacı erkeklerin büyük ölçüde medyanın etkisiyle göç alan toplumlarda olumsuz olarak temsil edilmesine eklemlenen bu durum, erkek sığınmacı deneyiminin görülememesine ve sosyal yardım uygulamalarının erkeklerin sorunlarına daha az eğilmelerine neden olmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle bu araştırmanın temel amacı sığınmacı erkeklerin olumsuz temsilleri nedeniyle görünemeyen sorunlarını analiz ederek sosyal yardım politikaları temelinde tartışmaktır. Çalışma nitel bir araştırma biçiminde fenomenolojik olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri Eskişehir’de ikamet eden farklı uyruklara mensup 17 erkek sığınmacı ve zorunlu göç alanında çalışan beş saha görevlisinden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular bazı sığınmacı erkeklerin kadınlara benzer bir biçimde şiddet, ayrımcılık, yoksulluk, işsizlik, emek sömürüsü gibi çeşitli sosyal sorunlara maruz kaldıklarını göstermektedir. Araştırmada dikkat çeken bir diğer bulgu ise yaşadıkları dezavantajlı durumlara ve sorunlara rağmen özellikle bekâr ve refakatsiz sığınmacı erkeklerin sosyal yardım ve göç düzenlemeleri alanlarından dışlanmaları olmuştur.
In recent years, forced migration, which is pretty important in Turkey’s agenda, is discussed by different disciplines, especially in politics, in different frameworks, such as integration, education, security, health and gender. When considering the studies that examining forced migration from a gender perspective, however, it is seen that the studies mainly focus on women because they are more exposed to social problems. This situation, which is added to the representation of refugees masculinity as perpetrators in the host societies, mostly by the media, causes the experience of male refugees to be invisible, and the social aid practices directed towards refugees are less susceptible to the problems of men. In this context, the main purpose of this research is to analyze the problems of male refugees that cannot be seen because of their negative representations, and to discuss them based on social aid policies. The study was designed as a phenomenological qualitative research. Data was collected from 17 male refugees and five specialists who are working in the field of humanitarian aid, by semi-structured interview technique. The findings of the research show that, like refugee women, some refugee men are exposed to various social problems, such as violence, discrimination, poverty, unemployment and labor exploitation. Another remarkable finding in the study is that, despite their disadvantages, single and unaccompanied refugees were excluded from the field of social aid and migration regulations.
In recent years, forced migration, which is pretty important in Turkey’s agenda, is discussed by different disciplines, especially in politics, in different frameworks, such as integration, education, security, health and gender. When considering the studies that examining forced migration from a gender perspective, however, it is seen that the studies mostly focus on women because they are more exposed to social problems. This situation, which is added to the representation of refugee masculinity as perpetrators in the host societies, mostly by media, causes the experience of male refugees to be invisible, and the social aid practices directed towards refugees are less susceptible to the problems of men. In this context, the main purpose of this research is to analyze the problems of male refugees that cannot be seen because of their negative representations, and to discuss them based on social aid policies. The study was designed as a phenomenological qualitative research. Data were collected from 17 male refugees and five specialists who are working in the field of humanitarian aid, by semi-structured interview technique. The findings of the research show that, like refugee women, some refugee men are exposed to various social problems, such as violence, discrimination, poverty, unemployment and labor exploitation. Another remarkable finding in the study is that, despite their disadvantages, single and unaccompanied refugee men were excluded from the field of social aid and migration regulations.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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