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Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un düşüncesinde toplum, millet ve milliyetçilik kavramlarının hangi anlamlarda kullanıldığını ve yaşanılan dönemin düşünce evreni ile anlamlı bir ilişkisinin olup olmadığını analiz etmeye çalışmaktır. Her kavram yaşadığı çağın vurgusunu içerisinde taşır. O dönemde kullanılan kavramların günümüz sosyolojisi ile örtüşüp örtüşmediğini ele almak önemlidir. Edebiyat içinde yaşanılan çağın toplumsal özelliklerini yansıtan bir özelliğe sahiptir. Edebiyat sosyolojisi de edebiyat ve sosyoloji kavramlarının etkileşiminden doğar. Sulhi Dönmezer’in de vurguladığı gibi "Edebi eserler sosyoloji için yalnız bir döküman olmakla kalmaz aynı zamanda toplumu yansıttıkları ölçüde, sosyolojinin kendisi olmaktadır”. Edebi eserler sanat ürünleri, insan ve toplumunun var oluş problemleri ile ilgilenir, sosyal ve kültürel şartlara has cevap tarzlarını çözüm yollarını içlerinde bizim için korurlar. Dolayısıyla Mehmet Akif zihninde tasarımladığı dünyayı kendi varoluş kaygısı doğrultusunda inşa etmenin, kurgulamanın bilgisini şiirlerinde ifade etmeye gayret göstermiştir. Akif’in yaşadığı yıllar göz önüne alındığında yaşadığı dönemin özelliklerinin düşüncesi üzerinde büyük etkisi olmuştur. Deyim yerindeyse imparatorluğun kurtuluşu için çarelerin arandığı ve buna yönelik adımların atıldığı ve sonrasında imparatorluğun yıkılışına ve yeni bir ulus devletin kurulması sürecine tanıklık etmesi Akif’in hem fiilen yaşamında hem de düşüncesinde derin izler bırakmıştır. Bu anlamda Mehmet Akif’in düşüncesi üzerinde hem Osmnalı mirasının hem de yeni kurulan ulus devlet yapısının benzer bir bilinç ve tutum alışla düşünce ve ruh dünyasında etkisi olmuştur. Dolayısıyla Akif, o dönemin temel düşünce ve ruh haline yabancı olmayacak bir biçimde sahip olduğu dünya görüşünü şiirlerine açık bir biçimde yansıtmış bir şairdir. Ümmet, Toplum, millet, milliyetçilik kavramları on dokuzuncu yüzyıldan itibaren dönemin şartlarında ideolojik anlamlar da kazanarak tartışmaların odağında yer almış kavramlar olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Mehmet Akif bu kavramlar çerçevesinde şiirlerinde toplum, millet, ümmet, milliyetçilik kavramlarına sıkça yer vermiştir. Bu kavramlar onun şiirlerinde sosyolojik anlamlarının yanında zaman zaman ideolojik tutum alışlara uygun biçimde birbirlerinin yerine kullanılmıştır.
The main purpose of this study is to try to analyze in what sense the concepts of society, nationalism and nationalism are used in the thought of Mehmet Akif Ersoy and whether there is a meaningful relationship with the thought universe of the experienced period. Every concept brings the emphasis of the age in which it lives. It is important to consider whether the concepts used in that period are in conjunction with today's sociology. It has a characteristic that reflects the social characteristics of the age in literature. Literary sociology also arises from the interaction of literary and sociological concepts. As Sulhi Dönmezer also emphasizes, “Literary works are not only a document for sociology but, as far as they reflect society, they are the sociology itself.” Literary works are concerned with the problems of art products, the existence of man and society, and they preserve their species of response to social and cultural conditions for us in the ways of solving them. Therefore, Mehmet Akif tried to express in his poems the knowledge of building the world he designed according to his own existence concern. Having regard to the years Akif lived, the characteristics of the period he lived had a great impact on his thought. The fact that the means for the liberation of the empire were sought and the steps towards it were taken, and that he witnessed the collapse of the empire and the process of the establishment of a new nation state, left deep traces in Akif's real life and thought. In this sense, the thought of Mehmet Akif has been influenced by a similar consciousness and attitude of both the Ottoman heritage and the newly established national state structure in the world of thought and spirit. Therefore, Akif is a poet who clearly reflected his poems the world view that he had in a way that would not be strange to the basic thought and spirit of that time. The concepts of people, society, people, nationalism, from the nineteenth century to the nineteenth century, have gained ideological meanings in the conditions of the period and are seen as the concepts in the center of the discussions. In the framework of these concepts, Mehmet Akif has frequently put in his poems the concepts of society, nation, nationalism. These concepts in his poems, along with their sociological meanings, were occasionally used in a way that corresponds to the ideological attitudes.
The main purpose of this study is to try to analyze the meanings of the concepts of society, nation and nationalism in Mehmet Akif Ersoy's thought and whether there is a meaningful relationship with the universe of thought of the period. Every concept carries the emphasis of the age in which it lives. It is important to consider whether the concepts of that period overlap with today's sociology. Literature has a feature that reflects the social characteristics of that age. Sociology of literature also arises from the interaction of the concepts of literature and sociology. As Sulhi Dönmezer emphasizes, "Literary works are not only a document for sociology, but also become sociology itself to the extent that they reflect society.” Literary works of art are products of art, deal with the existence problems of people and their society, and solve their response styles specific to social and cultural conditions. Therefore, Mehmet Akif tried to express the knowledge of constructing the world he designed in his mind in line with his own existence anxiety in his poems. Considering the years Akif lived, we see that the characteristics of the period he lived in had a great effect. The effect of the years when steps were taken towards this and later witnessing the collapse of the empire and the establishment of a new nation state. Therefore, Akif witnessed this tense relationship and it is possible to see the traces of this tension both in his actual life and in his thought. In this sense, Meh Met Akif is a poet who reflects the concept of nation, which finds its meaning in the ummah, which he inherited from the Ottoman Empire, and the newly established nation state, to the world of thought and spirit with a similar consciousness and attitude. Therefore, Akif is a poet who clearly reflects his world view, which is not alien to the basic thought and mood of that period, in his poems. The concepts of ummah, society, nation, and nationalism stand out as concepts that have been at the center of the discussions by gaining ideological meanings under the conditions of the period since the nineteenth century. Within the framework of these concepts, Mehmet Akif frequently included the concepts of society, nation, ummah and nationalism in his poems. In addition to their sociological meanings in his poems, these concepts are sometimes used interchangeably in accordance with ideological attitudes.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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