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Eski Mezopotamya ve Eski Anadolu Toplumlarında Toplumsal Cinsiyet İdeolojilerinin İnşası
2022
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı, genellikle ikili karşıtlıklar erkek/kadın özellikleri olarak zihinde belirginleşmektedir. Cinsiyet kavramı genel olarak biyolojik bir ayrıma işaret ediyor olsa da toplumsal cinsiyet, kültürel olarak inşa edilmiş erkek/kadın kimliklerini ortaya koyan bir kavramdır. İnsanoğlunun yaşadığı coğrafya ve zamandan bağımsız olarak her kültürün, toplumsal hayatı derinden etkileyen kadın/erkek davranışları hususunda belirgin kuralları vardır. Toplumun kültürüne, gelenek göreneklerine ve değerlerine göre toplumsal cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri öğrenilmektedir. Coğrafya ve zamandan bağımsız olarak her kültürün, kadın ve erkeklerin davranışı hususunda belirgin kuralları vardır. Bu kurallar, kadın ve erkeğin nasıl olması, nasıl davranması gerektiğini ve hangi sorumlulukları olduğunu belirten rollerdir. Geleneksel olarak cinsiyet rollerinin ortaya çıkması, kadına yönelik cinsiyet ayırımcılığının doğmasına sebep olmuştur. Cinsiyet ayırımcılığı,  kadın ve erkeklerin fırsatlara ulaşmasındaki eşitsizlik, çalışma hayatına kadınların sınırlı katılımı, kadınlarla erkekler arasındaki ücret eşitsizliği ve en önemlisi fiziksel güçlerinden doğan farkların kadına şiddet olarak dönmesi gibi daha birçok toplumsal konu ile ilişkilendirilebilir. Bu araştırma, kişisel kimliğin önemli bir bileşeni olarak toplumsal cinsiyetin eskiçağ toplumlarındaki ifadesine odaklanmaktadır. Eskiçağ toplumlarının toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında sahip olduğu düşünce ve tutumların neler olduğunu, bu düşünce ve tutumların cinsiyet rollerinin şekillenmesine ve bireylerin cinsiyet temelinde ayrışmasına nasıl yansıdığını araştırarak Eski Mezopotamya ve Eski Anadolu hukukunda var olan cinsiyetçi kanun maddeleri ve bu düzenlemelerin toplumsal yaşam üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords:

Construction Of Social Gender Ideologies In Ancient Mesopotamia and Ancient Anadolu Societies
2022
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

The concept of social gender is often manifested in the mind as male/female characteristics of bilateral contradictions. Although the concept of gender generally indicates a biological separation, social gender is a concept that reveals the cultural-built male/female identities. Regardless of the geography and time in which the human being lives, every culture has clear rules on the behavior of women and men that deeply affects the social life. According to the culture of society, traditions and values, social gender and social gender roles are learned. Regardless of geography and time, every culture has clear rules on the behavior of women and men. These rules are roles that indicate how a woman and a man are, how they should behave and what responsibilities they have. Traditionally, the appearance of gender roles has caused the birth of gender discrimination towards women. Gender discrimination can be associated with many more social issues, such as inequality in women and men’s access to opportunities, limited participation of women in the working life, inequality in wages between women and men, and, most importantly, the differences arising from physical strengths, turning women into violence. This research focuses on the expression of social gender as an important component of personal identity in ancient societies. The study of what the thoughts and attitudes that ancient societies have in the context of social gender, how these thoughts and attitudes reflect the formation of gender roles and the division of individuals on the basis of gender, aims to reveal the articles of gender law existing in Ancient Mesopotamia and Ancient Anadolu law and the effects of these arrangements on social life.

Keywords:

Construction Of Gender Ideologies In Ancient Mesopotamian and Ancient Anatolian Societies
2022
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

The concept of gender usually becomes clear in the mind as binary oppositions male/female characteristics. Although the concept of gender generally refers to a biological distinction, gender is a concept that reveals culturally constructed male/female identities. Regardless of the geography and time in which human beings live, every culture has specific rules regarding male/female behaviors that deeply affect social life. Gender and gender roles are learned according to the culture, traditions and values ​​of the society. Every culture, regardless of geography and time, has clear rules about the behavior of men and women. These rules are the roles that specify how men and women should be, how they should behave and what responsibilities they have. The emergence of traditional gender roles has led to the emergence of gender discrimination against women. Gender discrimination can be associated with many other social issues such as inequality in women's and men's access to opportunities, limited participation of women in working life, inequality in wages between women and men, and most importantly, the transformation of the differences arising from their physical strength as violence against women. This research focuses on the expression of gender as an important component of personal identity in ancient societies. It aims to reveal the sexist law articles in Ancient Mesopotamian and Ancient Anatolian law and the effects of these regulations on social life by investigating what the thoughts and attitudes of ancient societies in the context of gender were, how these thoughts and attitudes were reflected in the shaping of gender roles and the separation of individuals on the basis of gender.

Keywords:

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Turkish Studies

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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