Abstract:

Ovarian hyperstimulation or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a direct complication of in vitro fertilization with heavy morbidity and, in some cases, even mortality. The physiology remains poorly defined but seems to be moving towards a cascade activation of coagulation through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). There are patient-specific or pacing-specific risk factors, but this complication can occur in the absence of these factors. Two types can be described: early OHSS linked to the onset of ovulation and late linked to pregnancy. The management is poorly defined and must adapt to the severity of OHSS by taking care of the added complications.The major complication is thrombotic with the particularity of affecting both the venous and arterial territories, which can induce serious complications such as strokes or myocardial infarction. Prevention of this thrombotic risk therefore remains the priority of OHSS management. Since few studies have been carried out on this subject, we have shown here the place of ultrasound in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

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