Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that affect income poverty and material deprivation of the individuals simultaneously for different sub-categories in Turkey. The analysis was conducted with multinomial probit model by using cross-sectional data of TurkStat's Survey of Income and Living Conditions for the year of 2018. The findings indicate that education is the key factor influencing both income poverty and material deprivation for individuals in Turkey. Accordingly, the probability of individuals being both income poor and materially deprived decreases as the level of education increases. In addition, variables such as age, gender, marital status, health, employment status and household size also have an impact on income poverty and material deprivation. Families with single parents and children, as well as the unemployed, have the highest probability of being materially deprived and income poor. While the probability of being income poor and materially deprived decreases as age increases, and men are more likely to be income poor and materially deprived than women, the effects of marital status and health differ in sub-categories. This implies that the effects of variables are not always in the same direction or magnitudes for income poor and materially deprived individuals, and in this context, income poverty and material deprivation should be evaluated differently, and policy-makers should also produce different policies for these two different situations.

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