Abstract:

Although Azerbaijani literature, developed by many famous poets such as Nesimi, Kishveri, Habibi, Khatai, Fuzuli, Vaqif, Vidadi and Sabir, is being modernized, there are still poets who preserve the classical tradition. In the 19th century, Azerbaijani literature developed in literary assemblies operating in Baku, Shusha, Ganja, Lankaran, Shamakhi and other cities. Having carefully studied the history of Azerbaijani literature, we will notice that the classical literary tradition was not forgotten in terms of form even in the most severe Soviet times. The tradition of classical literature, which continued for centuries with rich examples in Azerbaijan, continues to exist to this day. In the 1920s-1950s, as in other areas of the Soviet totalitarian milieu, literature was controlled by radical methods, and in this way a socialist-proletarian literature was created. In order to form the literature of socialist realism, the classical literary heritage was marginalized, the activities of literary assemblies that supported the life of classical poetry were stopped, and a campaign was launched against mugham and national musical instruments. The measures taken in the field of literature, language, religion and art did not remain inactive in regard to classical poetry, and this silence continued until the period of "softening". In the 1920s, the literary assemblies operating in Baku, Garabagh, Ganja, Lankaran and Shamakhi were officially closed. In the future, such poetry meetings continued their activities in secret and brought the classical tradition to the present day. The literary assemblies of Majmaush-Shuara, Fuzuli and Vahid played an important role in preserving the classical tradition in the Azerbaijani literature of the independence period. Today, the Majmaush-Shuara Literary Assembly and the Caspian branch of the Azerbaijan Writers' Union operate in Baku, which unite poets who write with the aruz-meter. Most of the poets who continued the tradition in terms of form and theme were educated in these assemblies. The article assesses the works written by representatives of modern Azerbaijani literature in classical genres and forms from 1991 to the present, and considers the innovations that modern poets have introduced into poetry, continuing the classical tradition in form and content. In addition, the work highlights the activities of modern literary assemblies and explains the reasons for the survival of the classical literary tradition, studied the classical forms of verse and literary genres, kulliyyat and divans, the tezkire tradition, the size, language and theme of poems used in modern Azerbaijani literature.

Keywords: