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  Citation Number 1
 Views 181
 Downloands 23
Frengi Hastalığının İzmir’de Ortaya Çıkışı ve Şehirdeki Umumhaneler
2020
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

İnsanlığı büyük yıkımlara sürükleyen salgın hastalıklar kimi dönemlerde tarihin seyrini bile değiştirmeye muktedir olmuştur. Tarih boyunca adeta doğal bir felaket olarak kendini gösteren bu hastalıklar milyonlarca insanı toplumsal, demografik, ekonomik ve siyasal alanlarda etkilemiştir. Dünya üzerinde müthiş bir yıkıcı etkisi olan salgın hastalıklardan şüphesiz Osmanlı toprakları da payını almıştır. Veba, kolera, tifüs, çiçek, trahom, tüberküloz ve frengi bu salgınların bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. On dokuzuncu yüzyılda teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak ulaşım alanında yaşanılan kolaylıklar insanların daha kolay mobilize olmasını sağlarken salgın hastalıkların da yayılmasını etkilemiştir. Osmanlı Devleti de söz konusu mobilizasyonun etkisi altında kalmış ve imparatorluk topraklarına giriş yapan insan sayısında önemli bir artış yaşanmıştır. Bu durumun bir sonucu olarak salgın hastalıklar geçmiş dönemlerin aksine daha fazla yayılmaya başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda Osmanlı Devleti’nin önemli bir liman şehri olan İzmir ise frengi hastalığından son derece muztarip olmuştur. İlk defa 1889’da görülen bu hastalığın en önemli sebebi artan fuhuş faaliyetleridir. Umumhaneler (Genelevler) hastalığın yayılmasında başlıca role sahip olurken, Osmanlı hükümeti bu hususta birtakım önlemler alarak yasal düzenlemeler yapmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise en önemli zührevi hastalıklardan biri olan frenginin Osmanlı Devleti’nde ortaya çıkışı ve müteakip süreç üzerinde durulacaktır. Ancak çalışmamızın esas amacı XIX. yüzyılın sonlarında İzmir’de ilk defa görülen frengi hastalığı ve bu hastalıkla mücadele hususunda alınan önlemleri irdelemektir. Araştırmamız İzmir bölgesindeki fuhuş faaliyetlerinin ve umumhanelerin, hastalığın yayılmasındaki rolünü ortaya koymaya çalışacak ve hükümetin bu hususta aldığı önlemleri inceleyecektir.

Keywords:

The Emergence Of The Disease In Izmir and The Public Houses In The City
2020
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

The epidemic diseases that drive humanity to great destruction have been able to change even the course of history in some periods. Thro history, these diseases have affected millions of people in social, demographic, economic and political areas. Of the epidemic diseases that have a tremendous devastating effect on the world, the Ottoman territory has undoubtedly taken part. Veba, cholera, typhus, flower, trahoma, tuberculosis, and fragrance are part of these epidemics. Due to technological advances in the nineteenth century, the facilities in the transport sector made people easier to mobilize while the spread of epidemic diseases also affected. The Ottoman State was also under the influence of this mobilization and a significant increase in the number of people entering the empire territory. As a result of this situation, epidemic diseases have begun to spread more than in previous periods. In this context, Izmir, which is an important port city of the Ottoman State, has been extremely affected by the disease of frengi. For the first time in 1889, the main cause of this disease was the increased fox activity. While the General Halls (Generals) have a major role in the spread of the disease, the Ottoman government has taken a number of measures in this regard and made legal arrangements. In this study, one of the most important zürevial diseases will be focused on the appearance and follow-up process in the Ottoman State. The main objective of our work is 19. At the end of the century, it was the first time in İzmir to be seen the disease and the measures taken in the fight against this disease. Our research will try to reveal the role of the corruption activities and public houses in the spread of the disease and will examine the measures taken by the government in this regard.

Keywords:

The Outbreak Of Syphilis Disease and The Brothels In İzmir Province
2020
Journal:  
Turkish Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Epidemics have ravaged humanity throughout its existence, sometimes changing the course of history. As a kind of a natural disaster have affected almost millions of people in social, demographic, economic and political areas throughout history. Epidemics that have a great destruction all over the world, also affected the territories of the Ottoman State. Plague, cholera, typhus, variola, trachoma tuberculosis and syphilis are some of the examples of epidemics. In this respect, there was an increase in the rates of the epidemics in parallel to the rise in people’s mobilization over the world due to the technological advances in the transportation network in the nineteenth century. Ottoman State was also under the effect of this mobilization and so there was an important increase in the numbers of people coming to the territories of the empire. As one of the consequences of it, the spread of epidemics became easier in contrast to the past. In this context, İzmir as a significant port city of the Ottoman State highly suffered from the syphilis. In 1889, the disease first appeared in the city because of the increased prostitution. Due to the brothels shown as a main actor in the spread of it, the government attempted to prevent it by making some legal regulations. In this research, syphilis as one of the most important venereal diseases and its outbreak in the Ottoman State, and the following process will be touched after informing about the disease. Yet, the main purpose of the study is to examine the syphilis’ appearance and the measures and the struggle with the disease in İzmir province between the last decades in the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. It aims to find answer the causes of the outbreak of the disease by examining the role of prostitution and the brothels in İzmir. Also, the approach of the government to the disease and its measures to prevent it in this province.

Keywords:

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Similar Articles
Turkish Studies

Field :   Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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