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  Citation Number 6
 Views 40
 Downloands 21
LÜBNAN’DA MİLLİYETCİLİĞİN FİKRİ TEMELLERİ VE OLUŞUMU
2015
Journal:  
The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Tarih boyunca uygarlıkların ve kültür alışverişlerinin merkezi olan, uygarlıkların ve kültürlerin geçidi olan Ortadoğu coğrafyası, tarihinin her döneminde dönemin hâkim güçlerinin rekabetine sahne olmuştur. Özellikle Ondokuzuncu yüzyılda Avrupalı güçler, yoğun olarak ekonomik, kültürel ve siyasi olarak kitlesel bir varlık göstermişlerdi. Avrupa’nın tarihi ve toplumsal sürecinin bu evresinde Avrupalı devletler, milliyetçilik ideolojisini, sömürge arama uğraşına girdiğinde gittikleri deniz aşırı ve kıta ötesi yerlere de taşımışlardı. Bu taşınım ilk olarak iktisadi faaliyetlerde kendini göstermişti. Özellikle Napolyon’un Mısır’ı işgali ve buna paralel olarak gerçekleşen Doğu Akdeniz ticaretinin kilidi konumunda olan Lübnan’ı endüstri çağı ticaretinin yoğunlaştığı ve geliştiği merkezler durumuna getirmişti. Ortadoğu’nun bir nevi laboratuarı konumunda olan, muazzam bir kültürel birikiminin yanı sıra dini çeşitliliği ve kimlik rezervlerini de barındıran Lübnan’ın kültürel ve kurumsal dokusunun oluşmasında şüphesiz etkin rolü Avrupalı güçler üstlenmişti. Bu güçler Lübnan’ın iç dinamiklerini ve yapısal özelliklerini de şekillendirmişlerdi. Lübnan, iktisadi faaliyetler ile birlikte edebi ve kültürel yayın hayatı da şekillenmişti. Bu faaliyetler bazen tüccarlar ile bazen de cemaatler ile yürütülmüştü. Lübnan, Ondokuzuncu yüzyılda Fransız ve İngilizler arasındaki kıyasıya rekabetin bölge üzerindeki çekişmesini de yaşamıştır. Bu rekabet, Lübnan’ı daha karışık, dağınık ve parçalanmış bir ortama iterken, bir yandan da Fransız kültürüne, geleneğine denk düşen yeni bir dalga yerleşmeye başlamıştı. Esasen etnik ve mezhebi temeller üzerinde bölünmesi ön görülmüştü. Baskın bir tarih ve ulus hissiyatı üzerine kurulu olan bu anlayış, İslam coğrafyası üzerinde oynadığı bölücü ve sömürgecilerin işlerini kolaylaştırdığı rol, Lübnan’da günümüzde de geçerliliği olan sürekli krizin sebebi olan hassas bir sistemi yaratmış ve bu sistem de sürekli krizin sebebi olmuştur. Arap dünyasının siyasi yapısını altüst eden bu çözülmenin, bölgenin evrimini, ekonomik, siyasal toplumsal ve kültürel süreçlerin bütününden yola çıkarak, ortaya çıkmasına yol açan kopuşun ilk emarelerini Lübnan’da görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışmada bu ayrılıkçı faaliyetlerin fikri temelleri ve oluşum süreci anlatılmaktadır.

Keywords:

The Foundations and Foundations of Militarianism in Lebanon
2015
Author:  
Abstract:

The Middle East Geography, which has been the center of civilizations and cultural exchanges throughout history, the passage of civilizations and cultures, has been the scene of the competition of the dominant powers of the period in every period of its history. Especially in the nineteenth century, the European powers had shown an intense economic, cultural and political mass existence. In this phase of Europe’s historical and social process, European states had moved the ideology of nationalism, when they entered the attempt to seek colonies, to the sea and beyond the continents where they went. This movement first demonstrated itself in economic activities. In particular, Napoleon's occupation of Egypt and the closed position of Eastern Mediterranean trade that occurred in parallel with it had brought Lebanon into the center where trade in the industrial age was concentrated and developed. The European powers have undoubtedly played an effective role in the formation of the cultural and corporate tissue of Lebanon, which has a huge cultural accumulation, as well as the reserves of religious diversity and identity, which is located in the native laboratory of the Middle East. These forces also shaped the internal dynamics and structural characteristics of Lebanon. Libanon, along with economic activities, formed literary and cultural broadcasting life. These activities were sometimes carried out with traders and sometimes with communities. In the nineteenth century, Lebanon also experienced the conflict of competition over the region on the edge between the French and the British. While this competition had pushed Lebanon into a more confused, disintegrated and fragmented environment, a new wave of French culture and tradition had begun to settle. It was primarily divided on ethnic and ethnic bases. This understanding, which is based on a rebellious history and national sense, the role of the divisors and colonialists in the Islamic geography that facilitates their work, has created a sensitive system which is the cause of the continuous crisis in Lebanon, which is still in force today, and has also been the cause of the continuous crisis. It is possible to see in Lebanon the first orders of this dissolution that undermines the political structure of the Arab world, the development of the region, the development of the entire economic, political, social and cultural processes, and the emergence of the breakthrough. This study describes the ideological foundations and the formation process of these separatist activities.

Keywords:

The Intellectual Foundations and Formation Of Nationalism In Lebanon
2015
Author:  
Abstract:

Throughout history, civilizations and which is the center of cultural exchange, is the gateway civilizations and cultures of the middle east, which, in every period of history has been the scene of the period of the dominant powers of the competition. Especially in the nineteenth century the european powers, heavily economic, cultural and political terms they showed in a massive presence. At this stage of the historical and social process of europe, the european states, the ideology of nationalism, when they go overseas to places beyond search to the pursuit of the colonial and continental had shifted. This first of convection, had shown itself in economic activities. Especially napoleon invaded egypt, and parallel trade in the eastern mediterranean that occur in the lock position of which is concentrated in the industrial age brought to lebanon and developed centres of trade in the state. The laboratory of the middle east who acts as a kind of a tremendous cultural and religious

Keywords:

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The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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Cite : 11.493
The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies