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Seksenli yıllarda tarihsel feminist hareket Avrupa’daki birçok ülkede güçlenmekteyken, “yeni” akımlar hegemonyacı feminist teoriyi ve uygulamayı yeniden tanımlamaya başlar. "Üçüncü Dalga Feminizm", "Sömürgecilik Sonrası Feminizm" veya "Post-Modern Feminizm" gibi terimlerle gruplandırılan bu yeni akımlar, ortak bir kaygıyı paylaşır: Göç, yoksulluk ve dışlanma sorunsallarından yola çıkarak Batılı, beyaz, laik ve orta sınıf kadınların mücadeleleri üzerine yoğunlaşan hegemonyacı feminizmin etno-merkezci ve sınıfçı vizyonlarının sorgulanması (Doria, 2011; Rhouni, 2009, Andujar, 2014; Mir Husseini, 2010). "Üçüncü Dalga Feminizm", "Sömürgecilik Sonrası Feminizm" veya "Post-Modern Feminizm" içerisinde yer alan İslami Feminizm, eşitlik ve adalet temelli şu soruları sorar: Irkçılık ve sınıf kavramları toplumsal eşitlik ve adalet deneyimlerinin oluşumunu nasıl etkilemektedir? Bir dini tatbik etmek, kadın haklarını savunmaya engel midir? Göçmen ve yoksul Müslüman kadınların gündelik hayata dair dertleri, sözüm ona "evrensel" bir feminizm modelinin içinde neden yer al-a-mamıştır? Biz çalışmamızda, "İslami Feminizm"in tarihsel ortaya çıkış sürecini ele aldıktan sonra, son on yıllık süreç içerisinde Avrupa’da öne çıkan en önemli Müslüman Feminist düşünürlerin göç, yoksulluk ve ötekileştirme bağlamında Feminist kuramlara getirdikleri yeni sorunsalları ve bunların sonucunda "Üçüncü Dalga Feminizm", "Sömürgecilik Sonrası Feminizm" veya "Post-Modern Feminizm" içerisinde ortaya çıkan güncel akademik tartışmaları paylaşacağız. Araştırmamız, Avrupa'daki mevcut sosyal ve akademik tartışmalar içerisindeki öncelikli iki konuyu birlikte düşünmeyi önermekte : Toplumsal Cinsiyete Dayalı Ayrımcılık ve Yoksulluk. Valladolid Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Bölümü tarafından kabul edilen ve 2018 Temmuz-Eylül ayları arasında araştırma izni kullanılarak İspanya ve Fransa'da yürütülen çalışma ; toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcılık konusunu gündeme getirirken, tarihsel olarak Avrupa merkezli hegemonyacı feminist teorilerin bertaraf ettiği dini unsuru esas alan « İslâmî feminizm » üzerinden mültecilik, yoksulluk ve dışlanma sorunsalını ele almıştır.
While the historical feminist movement in the 1960s was strengthening in many countries in Europe, "new" flows began to re-definitise the hegemonian feminist theory and practice. These new flows, grouped with terms such as "third wave feminism", "post-colonial feminism" or "post-modern feminism", share a common concern: the question of the ethno-centric and classistic visions of hegemonian feminism, which focuses on the struggles of Western, white, secular and middle-class women, starting from the issues of immigration, poverty and exclusion (Doria, 2011; Rhouni, 2009, Andujar, 2014; Mir Husseini, 2010). The Islamic Feminism, which is included in the "Third Wave Feminism", "Post-Colonial Feminism" or "Post-Modern Feminism", asks the following questions based on equality and justice: How racialism and class concepts influence the formation of social equality and justice experiences?Does religious practice prevent women from defending their rights?Why do immigrants and poor Muslim women’s worries about their daily lives, my word has not included them in a “universal” feminism model?In our work, after discussing the historic process of the "Islamic Feminism", we will share the new issues brought to the Feminist theories by the most important Muslim Feminist thinkers that have emerged in Europe in the last decade and the current academic discussions arising in the context of the "Third Wave Feminism", "Post-Colonial Feminism" or "Post-Modern Feminism".Our study suggests to think together on two primary topics in the current social and academic discussions in Europe: gender-based social discrimination and poverty.The study, which was accepted by the Department of Sociology of Valladolid University and conducted in Spain and France using a research permit between July and September 2018, addressed the issue of gender-based discrimination, and historically addressed the issue of refuge, poverty and exclusion through the “Islamic feminism” which is based on the religious element removed by European-centric hegemonian feminist theories.
In the eighties, while historical feminist movement is strengthening in many countries over Europe, "new" currents starts to (re)define the hegemonic feminist theory and practice. These new movements, grouped with terms such as "Third Wave Feminism", "Post-Colonial Feminism" or "Post-Modern Feminism", share a common concern: Questioning the ethno-centrist and classist visions of hegemonic feminism, focusing mainly on Western, white, laic and middle class women's concerns (Doria, 2011; Rhouni, 2009, Andujar, 2014; Mir Husseini, 2010). As part of "Third Wave Feminism", "Post-colonial Feminism" or "Post-Modern Feminism" movements, Islamic Feminism rises the following questions on equality and justice: How do the concepts of racism and class affect the formation of social experiences on social equality and justice? Should a religious practice be an obstacle for advocating women's rights? Why did everyday life worries of immigrant and/or poor Muslim women are not included into a so-called "universal" model of feminism? This paper gives a snapshot on two of the most relevant social and academic debates that arise nowadays. On the one hand, the debate dealing with feminism and religions, developed especially within the framework of current Gender Studies and feminist activism. On the other hand, the debate related to the causes and consequences of poverty and social injustice –rather framed in Poverty Studies– and, particularly, the role of women in the eradication of different social inequalities. We will go in depth these discussions through the study of the "Islamic feminism", analyzing the characteristics shared by the different Islamic feminist theories and movements, and highlighting the most important Islamic feminist thinkers and activists emerged in recent decades in Europe as well as their contribution to reduction of poverty and social injustice. The study, suported by the Department of Sociology at the University of Valladolid, is based on a fiedwork carried between July-September 2018 in Spain and in France, with the idea to analyse the issues of refugee, poverty and exclusion over the issue of gender-based discrimination from the Islamic feminism prespetive, a feminism historically neglected for its religious aspect by European-based hegemonic feminist theories.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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