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Soğuk Savaş dönemi kavramı olan kamu diplomasisi, uluslararası ilişkilerin bir faaliyet alanı ve iletişim süreç yönetimi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bir hükümetin ulusal amaçlarının ve güncel politikalarının olduğu kadar ulusunun fikir ve ideallerinin, kuruluşlarının ve kültürünün muhatap ülkelerin halkınca anlaşılması amacıyla bilgilendirilmesi ve o halkların ulusal menfaat çerçevesinde dış politikalara dâhil edilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilen iletişim sürecidir. Medya bu iletişim sürecinin yönetilmesindeki en önemli araçlardan birisidir. Hızlı, kolay ve etkin bir şekilde muhataplara ulaşabilme kabiliyeti bakımından medya, kamu diplomasisi aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca internetin yaygınlaşması ve sektörel işleyiş bakımından medyanın bundan yararlanmasıyla medya türleri arasında dâhil edilen “yeni medya”, basılı, işitsel ve görsel medyayı kapsayan geleneksel medyanın işleyişi açısından da kamu diplomasisi ile ilgili çalışma ve tartışmalar noktasında önemli bir role ve etkiye sahip olmuştur. Bu çalışmada 2015 yılında yayına başlayan ve TRT’nin İngilizce olarak dünyaya yayın yapan ilk kanalı olan TRT World, yeni medya da dikkate alınarak, bir yöntem olarak da kabul edilen tarihsel sosyolojik yaklaşımdan yararlanılarak Türkiye’nin kamu diplomasisi faaliyetleri kapsamında ele alınmaktadır. Kamu Diplomasisi Koordinatörlüğü’nün çalışmalarından hareketle tespit edilmeye çalışılan Türkiye’nin kamu diplomasisi stratejisi ve bunun bir parçası olarak değerlendirilen TRT World, nitel yöntemlerden birisi olan vaka incelemesi/durum çalışması (case study) çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Bu çerçevede çoklu veri kaynaklarından ve veri toplama tekniklerinden yararlanılarak (istatistikler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme, dökümün incelemeleri, röportajlar, vb.) TRT World’un “kuruluş süreci, amaç ve hedefleri, bütçesi, organizasyonel yapısı, personel politikası, hedef kitlesi, konumlandırılması, haber stratejisi, TV programları, resmi web sayfası ve sosyal medya hesapları” incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak TRT World’un dünyaya İngilizce yayın yaparak Türkiye’nin kamu diplomasisi stratejisinin unsurlarından birisi olduğu ve Türkiye’nin uluslararası yayıncılık çabalarının tamamlayıcı bir aktörü olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Public diplomacy, the concept of the Cold War period, is defined as an area of activity of international relations and communication process management. It is the communication process that carried out in order to inform the people of responding countries about the national goals and current policies of a government as well as the nation's ideas and ideals, institutions and culture and to include those people in foreign policies for the purpose of national interest. Media is one of the important tools in managing this communication process. The media is used as a tool of public diplomacy in terms of its ability to reach its respondents quickly, easily and effectively. In addition, the new media, which has been included among media types due to the widespread use of the internet and the media benefiting from this in terms of sectoral functioning, has also had an important role and effect at the point of the works and debates on public diplomacy in terms of the functioning of traditional media, which includes printed, audio and visual media. In this study, TRT World, which has started to broadcast in 2015 and the first channel of TRT to broadcast to all world in English, is addressed within the scope of public diplomacy events by considering the new media and benefiting from the historical sociological approach accepted as a method. Turkey’s public diplomacy strategy, which tried to determine based on the works of The Office of Public Diplomacy, and TRT World, which is considered as a part of it, were addressed within the scope of the case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. In this context, TRT World’s establishment process, goals and objectives, budget, organizational structure, personnel policy, audience, positioning, news strategy, TV programs, official web page and social media accounts were examined by using multiple data sources and data collection techniques (statistics, semi-structured interviews, podcasts, interviews, etc.).and As a result, it is concluded that TRT World is one of the dimensions of Turkish public diplomacy by broadcasting in English to the world and an integral actor of international broadcasting efforts in Turkey.
Public diplomacy, the concept of the Cold War period, is defined as an area of activity of international relations and communication process management. It is the communication process that carried out in order to inform the people of respondent countries about the national goals and current policies of a government as well as the nation’s ideas and ideals, institutions and culture and to include those people in foreign policies on the purpose of national interest. Media is one of the important tool in managing this communication process. The media is used as a tool of public diplomacy in terms of its ability to reach its respondents quickly, easily and effectively. In addition, the new media, which has been included among media types due to the widespread use of the internet and the media benefiting from this in the terms of sectoral functioning, has also had an important role and effect at the point of the works and debates on public diplomacy in terms of the functioning of traditional media, which includes printed, audio and visual media. In this study, TRT World, which has started to broadcast in 2015 and the first channel of TRT to broadcast to all world in English, is addressed within the scope of public diplomacy events by considering the new media and benefiting from the historical sociological approach accepted as a method. Turkey’s public diplomacy strategy, that tried to determine based on the works of The Office of Public Diplomacy, and TRT World, which is considered as a part of it, were addressed within the scope of the case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. In this context, TRT World’s establishment process, goals and objectives, budget, organizational structure, personnel policy, audience, positioning, news strategy, TV programs, official web page and social media accounts were examined by using multiple data sources and data collection techniques (statistics, semi-structured interviews, podcasts, interviews, etc.). As a result, it is concluded that TRT World is one of the dimension of Turkish public diplomacy by broadcasting in English to the world and an integral actor of international broadcasting efforts in Turkey.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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