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1980 Sonrasında Türkiye’de Sol Hareketler ve Sol Partiler
2024
Journal:  
Asia Minor Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

Dünya siyaset arenasında sol ideolojisi, Fransız İhtilalinden sonra Fransa Meclisinde, meclis üyelerinin oturma şeklinden dolayı ortaya çıktığı varsayılmaktadır. Fransa Meclisinde kurulan parlamentoda başkanın sol tarafına hürriyeti benimseyenler, değişimi ve dönüşümü savunanlar, sağ tarafında ise değişim ve dönüşüm karşıtı olan ve üretim tekelini elinde tutanlar oturmuştur. 12 Eylül 1980 tarihinde yapılan askeri darbeyle birlikte Türkiye’de birçok siyasi parti kapatılmıştır. 1980 yılında askeri cunta, yönetimi siyasi iktidara bırakmak için genel seçimlere gitmiştir. 1980 genel seçimleri ile sağ kesimi temsil eden ve Turgut Özal liderliğindeki Anavatan Partisi iktidara gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte sol partiler bir çatı altında toplanmaya çalışmış ve kısmen de olsa başarılı olmuşlardır. 1992 yılında ise yeniden kurulan Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, sol partileri kendi çatısı altında toplamak istemiş ancak başarılı olamamıştır. 1995 genel seçimlerini sağ kesimi temsil eden Refah Partisi liderliği göğüslemiştir. Sol partiler ise seçimin kaybedenleri olmuştur. 1999 genel seçimlerinde bir değişim yaşanarak lider parti olarak Demokratik Sol Parti çıkmıştır. Ancak DSP iktidar olacak kadar mecliste kürsü elde edemediğinden dolayı ANAP-MHP-DSP koalisyonuyla hükümet kurulmuştur. 2001 yılında kurulan ve kendisini sağ parti olarak nitelendiren Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi 2002 genel seçimlerinden zaferle çıkmış ve tek başına iktidar olmuştur. 2002’den itibaren sağ kesimde bulanan Ak Parti siyasal iktidarı elinde bulundurmaktadır. Türkiye’de çok partili hayata geçişten itibaren siyaset arenasında siyasal iktidarı sağ ideoloji elinde tutmuştur. Askeri ihtilaller ile bu süreç sekteye uğrasa da ihtilallerden sonra tekrar siyasal iktidar olmuşlardır. Sol partilerin bir araya gelemeyişleri, tek çatı altında toplanamayışları ve iktidara gelemeyişlerinin irdelenmesi elzemdir.

Keywords:

Left Movements and Left Parties In Turkey After 1980
2024
Journal:  
Asia Minor Studies
Author:  
Abstract:

It is presumed that the left-wing ideology in the arena of politics around the world first emerged in the French Assembly after the French Revolution simply because of the way the members of the assembly were seated. In the French Assembly, those who embrace freedom, support change and transformation sit on the left side of the president, and those who are against change, transformation and hold the monopoly of production on the right. With the military coup on September 12, 1980, many political parties were closed in Turkey. In 1980, the military junta held general elections to leave the government to political power. With the 1980 general elections, the Motherland (ANAP) Party, which represents the right wing and led by Turgut Özal, came to power. After this, left wing parties tried to gather under a single roof, and they were partially successful. The Republican People's Party (CHP), which was re-established in 1992, wanted to gather left-wing parties under its umbrella; however, could not be successful. The Welfare (Refah) Party, representing the right-wing party, won the 1995 general elections. Left-wing parties, on the other hand, were the losers of the election. In the 1999 general elections, there was a change and the Democratic Left Party (DSP) became the leading party. However, since the DSP could not get enough seats in the parliament to be in power, a government was formed with the ANAP-MHP (Nationalist Movement Party)-DSP coalition. The Justice and Development Party (AKP), which was founded in 2001 and described itself as a right-wing party, had a victorious success in the 2002 general elections and came to power on its own. Since then, the right-wing AK Party has held political power. Since the transition to the multi-party system, the right-wing ideology has held the political power in the political arena in Turkey. Although this process was interrupted by military revolutions, they became political power again after the revolutions. It is essential to examine why the left-wing parties cannot come together, and unite under a single roof, and take the power.

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Asia Minor Studies

Field :   Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler

Journal Type :   Uluslararası

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