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Finansal katılım, finansal sistem dışında kalmış olan bireyler ve şirketlerin; resmi borçlanma, tasarruf, ödeme, sigortacılık, yatırım araç ve hizmetlerine uygun maliyetle erişmesi ve aktif biçimde kullanması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Literatürde bu konu, ülkelere ilişkin endeks geliştirme ya da finansal katılımın bileşenlerinin incelenmesi şeklinde ele alınmıştır. Bu araştırmada ise finansal araç sahipliği, finansal araçların aktif kullanımı ve finansal dışlanma olmak üzere üç ana bileşen incelenmekte ve Logit model kullanılarak demografik özelliklerin ve finansal davranışların bu bileşenler üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağı Dünya Bankası’nın Global Findeks 2017 yılı anketidir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, bireyin işgücünde olmasının finansal katılım için temel şart olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca artan eğitim düzeyinin finansal katılım üzerinde olumlu etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Resmi finansal araç kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen tüm işlemlerin finansal katılım üzerinde çeşitli büyüklüklerde anlamlı etkisinin olduğu buna karşılık nakit kullanımının da halen etkinliğini sürdürdüğü görülmüştür. Finansal kurumlara güven duymama, yoksul gelir sınıfında bulunmak ve ailede finansal araç bulunmasının finansal katılımı azalttığı belirlenmiştir.
Financial inclusion is defined as access and active use of official borrowing, saving, payment, insurance, investment tool and services with affordable cost by individuals and companies that are excluded from the financial system. In the literature, this issue is dealt with in the form of index development for countries or examination of components of financial participation. In this research, three main components, financial instrument ownership, active use of financial instruments and financial exclusion, are examined and the effects of individual characteristics and financial behaviors on these components are investigated using the Logit model. Data resource of this study is World Bank's Global Findex - 2017 survey. According to the findings obtained from the study, it has been determined that the individual's workforce is the basic condition for financial participation. Also it is established that increasing education level has a positive effect on financial inclusion. It has been seen that using formal financial instruments has positive effect at different magnitude on financial inclusion, on the other hand using cash is still effective. It has been determined that distrust to financial institutions, being in the poor income batch, and having one of the family members have financial instrument to reduce financial inclusion.
Financial inclusion is defined as access and active use of official borrowing, saving, payment, insurance, investment tool and services with affordable cost by individuals and companies that excluded from financial system. In the literature, this issue is dealt with in the form of index development for countries or examination of components of financial participation. In this research, three main components, financial instrument ownership, active use of financial instruments and financial exclusion, are examined and the effects of individual characteristics and financial behaviors on these components are investigated using the Logit model. Data resource of this study is World Bank’s Global Findex – 2017 survey. According to the findings obtained from the study, it has been determined that the individual's workforce is the basic condition for financial participation. Also it is established that increasing education level has positive effect on financial inclusion. It has been seen that using formal financial instruments has positive effect at different magnitude on financial inclusion, on the other hand using cash is still effective. It has been determined that distrust to financial institutions, being in the poor income batch, and having one of the family member have financial instrument reduce financial inclusion.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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