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Büyük Selçuklu Devleti’nin kuruluş aşamasında sosyo-ekonomik koşullara bağlı olarak geliştirilen iskân ve imar faaliyetlerinde yerleşik hayata paralel şehirleşme amaçlı bir yapılanma görülmektedir. Bu meyanda oluşturulan ve menşei Sasanî, İslâm, Samanî, Gaznelî ve Karahanlılara dayanan Selçuklu şehir kültürü, Selçuklular ile yeni bir ivme kazanarak temayüz etmiştir. Kısa sürede İslâm dünyasına hâkim olan Selçukluların muasırı olan veya sonrasında İran, Anadolu, Irak, Suriye ve Mısır’da kurulan muhtelif devletler siyasî, sosyal ve kültürel bakımdan Selçuklu izleri taşımaktadırlar. Bunlardan Selçukluların bir şubesi olarak Anadolu’da tesis olunan Selçuklularda bu tesirin daha güçlü olduğu aşikârdır. Selçukluların Anadolu’da Bizans’tan devraldıkları veya boş yerlerde yapılanmaya gittikleri şehir müessesesi Selçuklulara has bilinçli imar politikası ile yapılandırılmıştır. İran coğrafyasında sistemli bir şekilde oluşturulan şehir ve şehirleşmeye dair yapılan faaliyetlerin devamı niteliğinde olmak üzere Selçuklular tarafından Anadolu’da aynı uygulama gelişerek devam ettirilmiştir. Şüphesiz farklı bir coğrafya ve öncesinde vaki olan bir yapılanmanın varlığı Selçuklu tesiri ile yeniden yoğrulmuştur. Selçukluların kuruluşundan itibaren Horasan coğrafyasında sahip oldukları şehir kültürünün, Türkiye Selçuklu şehri üzerindeki tesiri, oluşumu, kurumları ve diğer unsurları dikkate alınarak mukayese yoluyla incelenmesi gereken önemli bir mevzudur.
In the establishment stage of the Great Selçuklu State, a construction aimed at urbanization parallel to the established life is seen in the building and building activities developed according to socio-economic conditions. The city of Selçuklu, which was created and originated in the Sasanî, Islamî, Samanî, Gaznelî and Karahanî, has become a new momentum with the Selçuklîs. The various states, which are the subordinates of the Selchuklists who soon ruled the Islamic world or later founded in Iran, Anatolia, Iraq, Syria and Egypt, carry the Selchukl traces politically, socially and culturally. It is clear that this facility is stronger in the Selçuklians established in Anadolu as a branch of Selçuklians. The city agency in which the Selchucks took over from the Byzantine in Anadolu or went to build in the empty places is structured by the Selchucks' conscious building policy. The same practice was continued in Anatolia by the Selchuklists as a continuation of the activities of urbanization and urbanization that were systematically created in the Iranian geography. There is no doubt that the existence of a different geography and a structure that was previously established has been re-founded with the Selçuklu facility. From the establishment of the Selçuklists in Horasan geography, the city culture they possess is an important position that should be studied through comparison, taking into account the establishment, formation, institutions and other elements on the Selçuklu city of Turkey.
An urbanization oriented formation can be observed in the development and housing activities enhanced based on the socio-economic conditions parallel to a settling life during the foundation period of the Great Seljuk Empire. The urban culture which was formed based on the Sasanians, Islamic, Samanians, Ghaznavids and Karakhanids gained a new pace during the Seljuks period and came to the fore. Several other coeval or follower states of Seljuks dominated the Islamic world shortly, which were established in Persia, Anatolia, Iraq, Syria and Egypt, were carrying political, social and cultural traces of Seljuks. It is evident that among these states, the Seljuk of Anatolia which was established as a branch of the Great Seljuk Empire presented this impact more clearly. The Seljuk city establishment process in the Anatolia took place within the uncontrolled lands or in the lands captured from the Byzantines and it was structured with conscious development policy which is specific to Seljuks. Similar applications of Seljuks which carry a fallow-up characteristic of the ones formed systematically in the Persian territory regarding city and urbanization activities were continued in the Anatolia through addition of some advancement. Undoubtedly, a different territory and existence of a different prior formation were fused once more under the Seljuk impact. The effect of the urban culture existed within the Khorasan territory since the foundation of the Seljuks over the cities of Seljuks of Turkey is an outstanding subject that is needed to be investigated through comparison by taking institutions and other primary factors into account.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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