Abstract:

In Iran, the press has informed and influenced the people living in different regions of the country on social, political, economic and cultural issues. The development of the press, especially after the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy, has taken on different characteristics. In this study, the first newspapers that were published in different periods were listed in the country after the printing press was brought to Iran. Journalism activities were examined under three headings: Qajar period, Constitutional Monarchy period and Pahlavi period. In the period when the first newspaper was published during the Qajar period, the political atmosphere in the country and the functions of the newspapers were tried to be revealed. The relationship of the newspapers in question with the regime, the approaches to the constitutionalism in the next period, the duration of publication, the issues that have been investigated. Considering the publications of the newspapers that will prepare the ground for the constitutional monarchy, the managers of these attitudes are treated positively/negatively, the pressures and restrictions have been put forward. After the Constitutional Monarchy period, especially after receiving the administration of Reza Shah, some newspapers, through the discourses they have produced a role that gives the administration legitimacy. During the Second World War, the influence of British and Russian politics was felt on the Iranian press. Right and left sections of the media groups that can be evaluated under two groups against the attitudes of the governments of the period against the end of the publication of the two sectors are seen.