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ÖZ Türk seyircisi, 1895 yılında Paris’te ilk açık gösterimi yapılan sinema ile 1897’de Beyoğlu’nda tanışmıştır. 1908 yılından itibaren başta İstanbul olmak üzere büyük şehirlerde artarda açılan salonlar ve toplu gösterimlerle memleketin hemen her yerine ulaşan sinema, kısa sürede halkın en sevdiği eğlence hâline gelmiştir. Ancak yerli sinemanın teknik ve ekonomik yetersizlikler ile kültürel meseleler dolayısıyla yavaş ilerlemesi sonucu bu salonlar, özellikle Cumhuriyet döneminde tüm dünyada sektörün lideri pozisyonunda olan Hollywood filmlerinin hâkimiyetine girmiştir. Böylece beyazperdenin güçlü etkisiyle sosyal ve kültürel hayata Amerika’nın izleri yansımaya başlamış ve halkın genelinin asrîlik (modernleşme) ile özdeşleştirdiği bu durum, pek çok alanda tartışmalar yaratmış; başlangıcından itibaren büyük ölçüde sosyal faydayı esas alan ve realist özellikler gösteren Türk romanına da mevzuu olmuştur. Sinemanın artık ülkeye tamamen yayıldığı ve kadın erkek eşit şartlarda seyirci kitlesinin olgunlaştığı Erken Cumhuriyet Döneminde neşredilen ve aktüel zamanı anlatan romanlar üzerine kurulan bu makalede, beyazperdenin toplum üzerindeki etkilerinin romana aksedişi tespit edilmeye; bu anlamda ortaya konacak malzemelerle romancıların sinema karşısındaki tavrı belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk romanı, sinema, popüler roman, Server Bedi, Greta Garbo, Hollywood. AN EVALUATION ON THE TREATMENT OF CINEMA IN THE EARLY REPUBLICAN TURKISH NOVELS ABSTRACT The Turkish audience had the first opportunity to see motion pictures in 1897 in Beyoğlu (Pera), two years after the first public screening of films in 1895 in Paris. Cinema had rapidly become the most popular means of entertainment in the society in the early 1900s when people welcomed public screenings of movies all around the country and many new movie theaters were opened in big cities, especially in Istanbul. However, since the progress of local cinema was slow due to technical and financial inadequacies as well as cultural matters, these new theaters were predominated by the Hollywood cinema which was a leader in the world film industry during the Early Republican period. Consequently, the social and cultural life in the country had been influenced by American styles and this situation which was associated withmodernization by the majority led to many controversies. This was also an issue in novels of the period that employed an aim of providing social benefits and were characterized by realistic features. This article focuses on novels which were published in the Early Republican period and narratives of the actual time by then. The aim is to identify the ways in which the effects of cinema on the society were treated in these novels. This is also an attempt to detect novelists’ approaches to cinema. Keywords: the Early Republican Period Turkish novels, cinema, popular novels, Server Bedi, Greta Garbo, Hollywood.
The ÖZ Turkish audience met in Beyoğlu in 1897 with the first open show in Paris in 1895. Since 1908, the cinema, which has reached almost every place of the country with lounges and public shows opened in major cities, including Istanbul, has soon become the favorite entertainment of the people. However, as a result of the slow progress of the local cinema due to technical and economic insufficiency and cultural issues, these halls have entered the domination of Hollywood films, especially during the Republican period, which were the world’s leading industry. Thus, with the strong influence of the white man, America began to reflect the traces of the social and cultural life, and this situation that the general public identified with modernization has created discussions in many areas; from the beginning it has been present to the Turkish novel, which has greatly based on social benefit and has realistic characteristics. In this article, based on the novels that were rejoiced in the Early Republic, where the cinema was now fully spread into the country and the female men’s audience was mature in equal conditions, the influence of the white man on society in the novel will be identified; in this sense, the materials will be revealed will try to determine the attitude of the novelists towards the cinema. Keywords: Early Republic Period Turkish novel, cinema, popular novel, Server Bedi, Greta Garbo, Hollywood. The Turkish audience had the first opportunity to see motion pictures in 1897 in Beyoğlu (Pera), two years after the first public screening of films in 1895 in Paris. Cinema had rapidly become the most popular means of entertainment in the society in the early 1900s when people welcomed public screenings of movies all around the country and many new movie theaters were opened in big cities, especially in Istanbul. However, since the progress of local cinema was slow due to technical and financial inadequacy as well as cultural matters, these new theaters were predominated by the Hollywood cinema which was a leader in the world film industry during the Early Republican period. Consequently, the social and cultural life in the country had been influenced by American styles and this situation which was associated with modernization by the majority led to many controversies. This was also a issue in novels of the period that employed a goal of providing social benefits and were characterized by realistic features. This article focuses on novels which were published in the Early Republican period and narratives of the actual time by then. The aim is to identify the ways in which the effects of cinema on society were treated in these novels. This is also an attempt to detect novelists' approaches to cinema. Keywords: the Early Republican Period Turkish novels, cinema, popular novels, Server Bedi, Greta Garbo, Hollywood.
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