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Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ortadoğu’nun istikrarsız fakat bölgesini etkileme potansiyeli bakımından önemli ülkelerinden Lübnan’da, toplumsal birlikteliğin ve politik istikrarın teminine yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilen seçim sistemi değişikliğinin, din/etnik grup temelinde kurgulanan devlet yönetiminde ortaya çıkaracağı muhtemel sonuçlar ile sistem değişikliği akabinde gerçekleştirilen seçimlerde parlamentonun 1/3’nü elde eden ittifak cephesinin önemli aktörlerinden Hizbullah’ın siyasal dönüşümünün gerek Lübnan siyaseti ile toplumsal hayatındaki gerekse de Ortadoğu’daki olası etkilerinin Yeni Kurumsal İktisat çerçevesinde analiz edilmesidir. Siyasi görevlerin etnik ve dini gruplar arasında orantılı bir şekilde paylaştırılması esasına göre oluşturulan, buna rağmen temsil sorunlarına yol açan seçim sisteminin daha adaletli bir yapıya dönüştürülmesi yönündeki çabaların, ülkenin siyasal kurumlarının dönüşmesi için önemli bir aşama olduğu; ancak Lübnan siyasetini belirleme noktasında etkin olan İran ve Arap devletleri arasındaki yıkıcı rekabetin Hizbullah’ın yükselen konumu nedeniyle İran lehine değişmesinin, ülkede idari, politik ve sosyo-ekonomik yapının reforme edilmesi suretiyle, kurumsal dönüşümün sağlanması yönündeki en önemli engellerden birisi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
In Lebanon, one of the important countries in the Middle East region, which is unstable but important in terms of its potential to affect the region, changes have been made in the electoral system to ensure social unity and maintain political stability. In this study, the effects of the electoral system change, on the possible results for government administration based on religion/ethnic group and the possible effects of Hezbollah’s political transformation in Lebanese politics and the Middle East region were analyzed by using Institutional Economics thoughts. According to this, created on the basis of the proportional allocation of political tasks between ethnic and religious elements, but trying to have the electoral system leading to representation problems become fairer is an important step for the change of the country’s political institutions. But the fact that the destructive competition between Iran and Arab states, which are active in determining Lebanese politics, has changed in favor of Iran due to the rising position of Hezbollah, is the biggest obstacle to institutional change in the country by reforming the administrative, political and socio-economic structure.
In Lebanon, one of the important countries in the Middle East region, which is unstable, but important in terms of its potential to affect the region, changes have been made in the electoral system to ensure social unity and maintain political stability. In this study, the effects of the electoral system change, on the possible results for government administration based on religion/ethnic group and the possible effects of Hezbollah's political transformation in Lebanese politics and the Middle East region were analyzed by using Institutional Economics thoughts. According to this, created on the basis of proportional allocation of political tasks between ethnic and religious elements, but try to have the electoral system leading to representation problems become fairer is an important step for the change of the country's political institutions. But the fact that the destructive competition between Iran and Arab states, which are active at determining Lebanese politics, has changed in favor of Iran due to the rising position of Hezbollah, is the biggest obstacle to institutional change in the country by reforming the administrative, political and socio-economic structure.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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