Abstract:

Since the 16th century, the changes experienced in the West in the economic, political, cultural and religious fields have changed the social status of women and redefined their connection with the world. In this context, the changing conditions with industrialization have affected life not only physically but also intellectually. The impact of these developments started a women’s movement that women should have equal rights with men, and therefore, intellectual men and women invalidated the legal and de facto barriers. With the influence of the Enlightenment, a modernization movement began, flowing from Europe to the Ottoman Empire. In this context, Turkish women became visible in the Tanzimat and Constitutional periods, parallel to the Western women. Especially the Second Constitutional Monarchy; It is a time when the women's movement is at its peak in the field of press, literature, profession and community-building activities. Turkish women played an active role in almost every field such as the press, literature, society, military production and health studies during the Balkan and First World Wars. As a matter of fact, the transformation movement initiated by both Western and Ottoman women was interrupted by the First World War.

Keywords: