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Bütün dünyada olduğu gibi, Türkiye’de elektrik üretimi fosil yakıtlar kullanılmaktadır. Türkiye’de elektrik üretiminde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının payı artmaktadır. Türkiye’de 2023 yılında en ucuz elektrik üretimi rüzgar ve güneşten üretilecektir. Türkiye’de üretilen elektriğin yarısı, rüzgar, güneş ve diğer yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından üretilebilir. Fosil kökenli elektrik üretimi, önemli düzeyde sera gazı emisyonlarına ve bunun sonucunda da olumsuz çevresel etkilere neden olmaktadır. Rüzgâr ve güneşten elektrik üretimi için önemli teknolojik gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Bu gelişmelere birlikte, bu teknolojilerinin kullanım süresi ve kanıtlanmış başarıları, algılanan proje riskini azaltmakta ve bu durum da sermaye maliyetini büyük ölçüde azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de 2017 yılında güneş ve rüzgar enerjisinden elektrik üretiminin sera gazı emisyonları ve çevre maliyetlerinin azalmasına olan katkıları incelenmiştir. Rüzgar elektrik santrallerinde, kömür yakan termik santrallere kıyasla birim (MWh) elektrik üretimi başına 977,84 kgCO2-eş daha az sera gazı açığa çıkmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, güneş PV elektrik santrallerinde, kömür yakan termik santrallere kıyasla birim (MWh) elektrik üretimi başına 923,25 kgCO2-eş daha az sera gazı açığa çıkmaktadır. Rüzgar elektrik santrallerinde elektriğin çevre maliyeti, kömür yakan termik santrallere kıyasla, birim (MWh) elektrik üretimi başına 185,1 € daha düşüktür. Güneş PV elektrik santrallerinde elektriğin çevre maliyeti, doğal gaz yakan termik santrallere kıyasla, birim (MWh) elektrik üretimi başına 69,5 € daha düşüktür.
As throughout the world, the production of electricity in Turkey is used by fossil fuels. In Turkey, the share of renewable energy sources in electricity production is increasing. In 2023 the cheapest electricity production in Turkey will be produced from wind and sun. Half of the electricity produced in Turkey can be produced from wind, solar and other renewable energy sources. Fossil-based electricity production causes significant emissions of greenhouse gases and consequently negative environmental impacts. Important technological advances have been made for the production of electricity from wind and sun. With these developments, the duration of use and proven achievements of these technologies reduce the risk of the project that is perceived, which significantly reduces the capital costs. In this study, the contribution of electricity production from solar and wind energy in Turkey in 2017 to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and environmental costs was studied. In wind power plants, 977.84 kg CO2 per unit (MWh) electricity production is less greenhouse gas exposed compared to coal-burning thermal plants. On the other hand, in solar PV power plants, a unit (MWh) of electricity production is 923.25 kgCO2 per hour less greenhouse gas exposed compared to coal-burning thermal plants. The environmental cost of electricity in wind power plants is less than 185.1 € per unit (MWh) electricity production compared to coal-burning thermal plants. The environmental cost of electricity in solar PV power plants is 69.5 € lower per unit (MWh) electricity production, compared to natural gas burning thermal plants.
As throughout the world, electricity generation based on fossil fuels is produced in Turkey. Turkey share in electricity generation from renewable energy sources is increasing. The cheapest source of electricity generation in Turkey in 2023 will be wind and solar. The half of the electricity generated in Turkey could be provided from wind, solar and other renewable energy resources. Electricity generation contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and the adverse environmental impacts caused by these emissions. Significant technological advances have been made for wind and solar electricity generation. Together with these developments, the duration and proven success of these technologies reduces the perceived project risk and this greatly reduces the cost of capital. In this study, the contributions of electricity generation by the sun and wind on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and environmental costs in Turkey were investigated. In wind power plants, 977.84 kgCO2-eq less greenhouse gas are released per unit (MWh) of electricity than coal-fired thermal power plants. On the other hand, in solar PV power plants, 923.25 kgCO2-eq less greenhouse gas per unit (MWh) electricity generation are released compared to coal-fired thermal power plants. The environmental cost of electricity in wind power plants is about 185.1 € per unit (MWh) of electricity generation and 98.51% lower than coal-fired thermal power plants. The environmental cost of electricity in solar PV power plants is 69.5 € per unit (MWh) of electricity generation lower than that of natural gas fired thermal power plants.
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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