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II. Dünya Savaşı’nın Avrupa’da yol açtığı tahribattan sonra hızlı bir kalkınma sürecine giren Batı Avrupa ülkeleri, kendi işgücü arzlarındaki eksiklikleri, daha az gelişmiş olan güneydeki komşu ülkelerden karşılamaya çalıştılar. Batı Avrupa ülkelerini dışarıdan işgücü almaya iten etkenlerin başında II. Dünya Savaşı’nın yol açtığı insan kaybından kaynaklanan demografik özellikler ve sanayileşmenin hız kazanmasıyla meydana gelen ekonomik büyüme gibi nedenlerdi. Bundan dolayı Avrupa ülkelerinde yaşanan işgücü açığının kapatılmasına yönelik misafir işçi programı başlatılmıştı. 1 Eylül 1961’de Türk- Alman işgücü sözleşmesinin ardından süreç hız kazanmıştı. 1974 yılında gerçekleştirilen aile birleşmeleriyle birlikte, Almanya’nın sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik açıdan Türkiye’den daha iyi bir seviyede oluşu Türkiyeli göçmenlerin yaşamını Almanya’da bu tarihten sonra daha kalıcı bir niteliğe dönüştürmüştür. Almanya’ya 12 Eylül 1980 darbesinden sonra kitlesel anlamda bir göç daha yaşanmış ve Alman toplumuyla birinci kuşaktan başlayan kısmi sosyal-kültürel etkileşim sonraki kuşaklarda daha da artmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda din sosyolojinin din ve toplum etkileşiminden hareketle Almanya’da doğan Türkiyeli göçmen gençlerin dini inançları, pratikleri, gündelik hayattaki dini değerlerin, kuralların yeri ve önemi, değişen sosyal koşullar bağlamında çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. 1960’lı yıllarda başlayan dış göç sonucunda bugün Almanya doğumlu çok sayıda genç bulunmaktadır. Bu gençlerin sosyalleşmeleri hem kendi hem de farklı mekânlarda gerçekleşmektedir. Bu etkileşim sonucunda Türkiyeli göçmen gençlerin dini tutum, davranışları dönüşmektedir.
and II. After the destruction caused by the World War in Europe, the Western European countries entered a rapid development process and tried to meet their lack of labour supply from the less developed neighboring countries in the south. The main factors that push Western European countries to get labor from outside. The demographic characteristics resulted from the human losses caused by the World War and the economic growth caused by the acceleration of industrialization. This is why a guest workers program has been launched to close the workforce gap in European countries. On 1 September 1961, after the Turkish-German labour agreement, the process was accelerated. With the family unification held in 1974, Germany was formed at a better level than Turkey in social, cultural and economic terms, and Turkey’s immigrants’ life in Germany has become a more durable character after this date. After the 12th September 1980 coup in Germany, a massive immigration occurred, and the partial social-cultural interaction with the German society, starting from the first generation, increased further in the subsequent generations. In this study, the religious sociology’s religious and social interaction in Germany, the Turkish immigrant youth’s religious beliefs, practices, the place and importance of religious values in everyday life, the rules, and the changing social conditions have been attempted to be resolved. As a result of the foreign migration that began in the 1960s, there are many young people born in Germany today. The socialization of these young people occurs both in their own and different places. As a result of this interaction, the religious attitude and behavior of the Turkish immigrant youth is transformed.
After the destruction of the World War II in Europe, western countries engaged in a rapid development process have tried to respond the labor gap in their markets taking advantage of their under-developed neighbors. The first and foremost motive that drove western countries to import labor force is the demographic qualities that emerge from the human loss, and the economic growth due to the acceleration of the industrialization period. Because of these conditions, the guest-worker campaign was launched in order to meet the labor gap prevalent in European countries. The process was expedited after the Turkish-German cooperation agreement which was signed on September 1, 1961. In line with the family unifications in 1974, the fact that Germany was in a better condition than Turkey in terms of its social, cultural and economic aspects stabilized the phenomenon of Turkish immigrants in Germany as a permanent reality. After the September 12, 1980 coup in Turkey another massive migration took place which followed up with the socio-cultural interaction in the posterior generations that had flourished in the German society at the early beginning. In our study, the religious practices of the Turkish youth born in Germany, their values of every-day life, significance and place of the religious rules have been analyzed in terms of the interaction between religion and society within the scope of the sociology of religion. Since the emigration after 1960s, there has been a huge number of Germany-born Turkey’s youth. The socialization of these youth is realized bilaterally both in their own places and others. As a result of this interaction, it is observed that Turkish immigrant youth’s religious attitude and behavior are changing.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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