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Mezhep değiştirme İslam tarihinde zaman zaman karşılaşılan bir olgudur. Sıradan kimselerin mezhep değiştirmesinin çoğu zaman sadece kendilerini ilgilendiren birtakım sonuçları olurken yöneticilerin mezhep değiştirmesinin sadece kendilerini değil yönettikleri devleti ve toplumu da ilgilendiren sonuçları olur. Eyyûbî Hanedanı’na mensup olan el-Melikü'l-Muazzam İsa'nın, ailesinin mezhebi olan Şafiiliği terk ederek Hanefîleşmesi de bu bakımdan üzerinde durulması gereken bir süreçtir. el-Melikü'l-Muazzam'ın neden, ne zaman ve hangi saiklerle Hanefi mezhebine geçtiği ya da bu geçişten sonraki sürecin nasıl tecelli ettiğiyle ilgili kaynaklarda doyurucu ve somut bilgiler mevcut değildir. el-Melikü'l-Muazzam'ın Hanefiliği tercih etmesi ailesinin yanında diğer mezheplere mensup bilginler tarafından da hoş karşılanmamış bu tepkisel durum, onun Hanefîleşme serüveninin yanlış algılanmasına sebep olduğu gibi, Hanefilere göre meşru olan bazı icraatlarının da "taassup" olarak gösterilmesini beraberinde getirmiştir. Hanefi mezhebinde devlet başkanına tanınan yetkilerin daha geniş olmasından faydalanarak savaş dönemlerinde ek vergiler koyması, Hanefilerce caiz görülen bazı içki türlerinin içilmesini ve alınıp satılmasını serbest bırakması, yaptığı atamalarda ve açmış olduğu yeni medreselerde Hanefiler lehine tavır koyması onun tartışılan icraatlarından bazılarıdır. Bu makalede onun Hanefîleşmesindeki en önemli etkenler üzerinde durulacak ve taassup olarak gösterilen bazı tavır ve icraatlarının gerçekten böyle olup olmadığı irdelenecektir.
The change is a phenomenon that is occasionally encountered in the Islamic history. The change of religions by ordinary people often has a number of consequences that concern themselves, while the change of religions by governors has a number of consequences that concern not only themselves, but also the state and society they govern. It is a process that is to be focused on by the El-Melikü’l-Mazzam Jesus, who belongs to the Eyyubî Dynasty, by leaving the Shafiility, which is the philosophy of his family. There is no satisfying and concrete information in the sources about why, when and with what purposes the el-Melikü'l-Muazzam has passed to the Hanefi mosque or how the process has been implemented after this transition. The preference of al-Melikü'l-Muazzam to Hanefiliya was not welcomed by the scientists who belong to other disciples alongside his family; this reactive situation has led to the misunderstanding of his Hanefiliation, and some of his executions that are legitimate according to the Hanefilians have also been shown as "taassup". The use of the powers recognised to the president of the state in the Hanefi mosque by placing additional taxes during war periods, the release of some types of beverages that are considered to be drunk and bought and sold by the Hanefists, the attitude to the benefit of the Hanefists in his appointments and in the new medres he has opened is some of his discussed executions. This article will focus on the important factors in his Hanefization and will determine whether some of the attitudes and executions shown as taassup are truly such.
Sectarian change is a phenomenon encountered from time to time in Islamic history. While the sectarian change of ordinary people often has several consequences that only concern them, the sectarian change of rulers has consequences not only for themselves but for the state and society they govern. The fact that al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam, a member of the Ayyūbid dynasty, abandoned Shāfiʿī, the sect of his family, and became a Ḥanafī is a phenomenon and process that must be emphasized in this respect. There is no satisfactory and concrete information in the sources about why, when and with what motives al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam went to the Ḥanafī sect or how this process was manifested. al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam's preference for Ḥanafiyya was not welcomed by scholars from other sects as well as his family; this reactive situation led to the misperception of his Ḥanafization, as well as some of his legitimate actions as “fanaticism”. Taking advantage of the broader powers granted to the head of state in the Ḥanafī sect, imposing additional taxes during the war periods, releasing the drinking and selling of certain types of liquids that are permissible by the Ḥanafīs, and taking a stand in favor of the Ḥanafīs in his appointments and the new madrasas he has opened are some of his debated actions. This article will focus on the most important factors in his Ḥanafization and examine whether some of his attitudes and actions, which are shown as fanaticism, are indeed such.
Alan : İlahiyat
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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