Özet:

This study discusses the theory of Shaftesbury’s “moral sense” from the 18th century British thinkers. Shaftesbury claims that the moral feeling is a natural feeling, and that it will be known through this feeling what good and evil are, and that therefore the moral feeling is founded on the basis of morality. According to Shaftesbury, morality is a natural sufficiency, such as seeing and hearing. He believes that the prevention and development of moral senses for various reasons can only be possible with good education. He also does not deny that individuals want to behave according to their own interests, but he claims that the interests of the individual and the interests of society are in harmony and that the moral goodness arises through this harmony. Shaftesbury, who is opposed to the conception of selfish morality and evil human nature, believes that morality is objective and autonomous. Shaftesbury’s theory of moral emotion, which is considered the pioneer of emotional morality, is significantly different from the subsequent types of emotional morality. His theory of morality, which, in addition to his feelings, has a great importance for the mind, is very important because he approaches the human being in an integral sense-minded context.

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