Özet:

A certain historical process has occurred for teaching to gain a professional professional identity as it is today. The existence of institutions that educate teachers in particular is based on 1700 years. In the history of Turkey, teaching schools began to be opened in 1848 and these schools were spread in the Ottoman geography, and through various changes they have continued to exist during the Republic period. The work of teaching teachers alone and the number of teachers appeared as a problem in the historical process. Therefore, sometimes to increase the quantity, sometimes for political or economic reasons, the teachers are taken from different sources in the short term. In the period of the Republic, the recognition of the right to be a teacher by giving formations or without formations to graduates from different faculties, replacement officer teachers, adjunct teachers, peace volunteers, accelerated program application, can be counted within these different sources. In the current study, the teacher will be referred to in training with a letter that holds a place in the history of education in Turkey. The teaching training by letter was proposed in 1974 by the government of the period in order to grant the right to higher education to students waiting at the gate of the university and in this context it was started to apply in the schools associated with national education. The letter of teaching was established in 1974 by the Letter of teaching center. The Central Letter was established by the Ministry of National Education with the aim of helping the educational institutions of all degrees teaching and doing broad teaching. The administrative structure of the center is made up of director, vice director, assistant director, department leaders, branch directors, officials and other officials. It is also divided into four sections: Teaching Tools Preparation and Development, Education and Teaching, Planning and Research, Technical and Administrative Services. The necessary legal regulations on the operation of the system were made in 1975. In this context, the Letter to the Teaching Center Organization and Work Regulations and the Letter to the Ministry of National Education Higher Schools Teaching with the Temporary General Regulations have been published. The application was carried out only in the schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education, and the universities were also required to be incorporated into the system, no progress was recorded in this regard. There was no status difference between the students in the teaching and the students in the normal teaching. The teaching by letter is carried out in the educational institutions, Girl Technical Higher Teacher School, Men Technical Higher Teacher School, Business and Tourism Higher Teacher School. There was no difference between the normal curriculum of these schools and the curriculum that the teachers will follow with the letter. But the teaching by letter was carried out with the lesson notes sent to students, and in the summer, the students were registered in the institutions with the coordination of the teachers counseling. Summer practices are the teaching activities carried out in the summer face-to-face in relation to the students’ fields. With the letter of teaching the educational institutions of mathematics, Turkish, social information, science, foreign language, music, paint-work, body education departments, Girl Technical Higher Teacher School clothes, clothes, crafts and flowers, family economy and nutrition, development and education of children, Men Technical Higher Teacher School facilities, iron, electricity, electronic, health facilities, Trade-Tourism Higher Teacher School business accounting, office administration, tourism, pre-graduate schools and cooperation, insurance, banking, tourism business departments are planned. The technical schools have a school year. Students at the educational institutions have continued for a long time. There have been various errors in the process of teaching with the letter, the lesson notes arrived late to the students, sometimes the wrong notes went. Students registered in the system have complained about this situation. Students also complained about the exam. In 1975, with the establishment of the General Higher Education Institution (YAYKUR), the teaching was transferred here with a letter. As of 1976, a letter to the teaching of the student was not taken to the end of this system.

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