Özet:

The building material, type of plan, organization of various partition of the rural dwellings effect the geographical factors such as relief, climatic conditions, geological lithologlcal structure and vegetation cover. In this study, the relations between the geographical factors and the rural dwellings are investigated. The study area is situated in the Biga Peninsula. The Kazdag mountain extens from the west to the east in the south of the area. The rural dwellings which are located in the study area are constructed with stone and mud-brick. 65 per cent of the rural dwellings are constructed with stone. However, the geographical distribution of the stone and mud-brick dwellings changes according to building material which is obtained from geographical environment. For example, the mud-brick dwellings are generally seen on the clayey- sandy –marly deposits o f Upper Mlosen which enclosed the Ezine-Bayramiç plain. On the other hand, the metamorphic schistes. andesites and granites in the high areas which enclosed these deposits make possible the construction o f the stone dwellings. 78 per cent o f the rural dwellings in this area is one floored, 21.8 per cent is two floored and all the rest Is three and more floored. The fact that the two floored rural dwellings called Hanay ev are in a high rate Is striking. This case is connected with the fact that the study area Is rich on account of forest cover. Organization o f exteriror place o f the rural dwellings consists of elements such as stable, bam, straw-rick. oven and covered courtyard called "hayat" On the other hand, the sofa is a very important element in the arrangement o f the dwellings. There are two plan types according to place of the sofa in the dwelling. One of them is the plan type with an exterior sofa in which the rooms are arranged on one side of the sofa. The other one is the plan type with an interior sofa in which on both sides of the sofa are placed the rooms. The climatic conditions effect the window system, thickness of the Wall and type of roof. For example, in thick walls the window frame is set close to the outer surface creating an utility area on the inside and, in addition, the wall section is splayed towards the interior to provide more light.