Özet:

In Islamic states, foundations have been pioneers in shaping the society in terms of social, cultural, religious and economic aspects. While a significant amount of income is obtained with securities, real estate and even cash foundations These revenues were used for the public. These institutions, which are based on the first periods of Islam, completed their development with the Ottoman Empire. There were also changes in the practices and operating procedures in this process. The most important of these changes was the money foundations that were not seen in other Islamic states and that emerged with the Ottoman Empire. This phenomenon, which emerged with the beginning of the development of the money economy, first brought with it the discussion of permissiveness. Are these institutions actually the first banks and interest-based institutions? In other words, is it to lend at 10 percent interest, as most economists understand it? Or is this a trade that can be briefly described as buying in cash and selling on a forward basis? Many Islamic scholars, stating that this is the second one, have issued a fatwa that this practice is in accordance with Islamic Sharia. Thus, the foundations of banking were laid in the Islamic state, and it was stated that people were freed from the pressure of moneylenders. The support of the foundations by the state and their supervision in certain processes ensured the longevity of these institutions and also made people trust these institutions.

Anahtar Kelimeler: