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Duygusal emek kavramı, çalışanların duygularını yaptığı işin bir parçası gibi yönetmesi gerektiği görüşüne dayanmaktadır. İşini yaparken duyguların yönetilmesi veya hissedilmeyen duygularının gösterimi günümüzde istihdamın büyük kısmını içinde barındıran hizmet sektöründe bir kural haline gelmiştir. Çalışanlardan müşterileriyle ve mesai arkadaşlarıyla olan ilişkilerinde güler yüzlü, kibar ve samimi olmaları beklenmektedir. Bu beklenti çalışanları hissetmedikleri duyguları yüzeysel veya derinden rol yaparak yansıtmaya zorlamaktadır. Duygusal emek ekonomik bir değer haline gelen ve birçok örgütsel davranış değişkeninin belirleyicisi haline gelmiştir.
Bu araştırmanın amacı, duygusal emek eğilimini öğretmenler açısından incelemek ve yüzeysel, derinden rol yapma ve doğal duygu boyutlarıyla değerlendirebilmektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseniyle yürütülmüş olan bu çalışmanın verileri, yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında İstanbul ili Pendik ve Tuzla ilçelerinde farklı derecelerdeki okullarda görev yapmakta olan 19 öğretmen ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen veriler nitel araştırma yöntemleri doğrultusunda kodlanarak temalar altında toplanmış ve içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Öğretmenlerinin duygusal emeğe yönelik görüşleri literatürden hareketle “yüzeysel rol yapma, derinden rol yapma ve doğal duygular” kategorileri altında incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularından elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda öğretmenlerin önemli bir kısmı, duygusal emek gösteriminde öne çıkan duygularında yüzeysel rol yapmayı tercih etmektedir. Öğretmenlerin diğer kısmı ise duygularını derinden rol yapma ve doğal duygular yoluyla sergilemektedirler.
The concept of emotional work is based on the view that employees should manage their emotions as part of the work they do. The management of emotions or the exhibition of unseasonable emotions while doing the job has become a rule in the service sector that is home to the majority of employment today. Employees are expected to be laughing, kind and intimate in their relationships with their clients and colleagues. This expectation forces employees to reflect the feelings they don’t feel by playing a surface or profound role. Emotional labour has become an economic value and has become the determiner of many organizational behavior variables.
The purpose of this research is to study the tendency of emotional work from the point of view of teachers and to be able to evaluate through the surface, deep role and natural dimensions of emotions. The data of this study, which was carried out with the phenomenological pattern of the qualitative research methods, was obtained using a semi-configured form of conversation through face-to-face conversation. In the framework of the research, 19 teachers who are working in schools of different degrees in the provinces of Istanbul and Pendik and Tuzla have been interviewed. The data obtained from the talks were coded according to the quality research methods and collected under themes and subjected to content analysis. Teachers’ opinions on emotional work have been studied from literature to literature under the categories “surface roles, deep roles and natural emotions”. As a result of the assessment of the data obtained from the findings of the study, a significant portion of teachers prefer to play a superficial role in their emotions that stand out in the expression of emotional work. The other part of the teachers exhibit their emotions through deep role and natural emotions.
The concept of emotional labour which includes feelings and emotions of employees on the main stream organization theories. Employees are expected to manage their feelings in accordance with the organizations’ rules and display “appropriate” emotions at interacting with clients. The use of emotional labour has become important especially in the service work, where interaction with clients is necessary. The workers are required to be friendly, polite and sincere to co-workers and clients as well that particularly involves in emotional labour. This expectation, which is high in the sales sector, forces employees to reflect emotions which they do not feel by doing surface or deep acting.
The purpose of this research is to examine the emotional labor tendency, which has become an economic value and is the determinant of many organizational behavior variables, from the point of view of teachers and to evaluate it with superficial, deep acting and natural emotion dimensions.Phenomenology model, one of the qualitative methods, was used in the study. The data in the study has been obtained by using interview method which is one of the quality research techniques. 19 teachers who work in different schools in Istanbul, specifically in Pendik and Tuzla districts have been interviewed. The data has been analyzed through content analysis. The coded segments have been grouped under differing categories. Teachers' views on emotional labor were examined under the categories of "superficial acting, deep acting and natural feelings" based on the literature.
The findings show that an important part of the teachers prefer to play a superficial role in the display of the emotions that stand out in the display of emotional labor. The other part of the teachers show that deep acting and natural emotions as emotional labor behavior.
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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