Özet:

The fact that the verbs are in the executive position in the sentence carries them to a more comprehensive and distinctive position in terms of semantics compared to other word categories. While other sentence elements contribute to the formation of the verb meaning, the semantic field of the verb also has an effect that is reflected in the sentence construction and expression in terms of valence. From this point of view, synchronic and diachronic analyzes based on valence and semantic roles regarding the verb type present more distinctive data than traditional approaches. Sense verbs are one of the categories that have an distinct place among the verb classes in terms of their meaning areas. Sense verbs, which include verbs related to seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling and touching, form the first stage of the mental process of understanding, perceiving and expressing the outside world. In this study, the sense verbs in Mukaddimetü'l-Edeb were examined within the framework of case grammar, and semantic role structures were tried to be determined. In the classification made according to semantic role structures, it is seen that they have a role distribution in terms of sense verbs, meaning areas and realization processes. For example, the valence gaps of touch sense verbs are usually filled with agent, patient, theme and instrument roles. The valence gaps of verbal verbs, which are verbal verb types, are completed with the roles of sayer, recipient and topic. The semantic role structures and realization processes of verbs, show a more systematic and determinative quality in determining meaning areas and meaning classes.