Özet:

As a concept, the museum has acquired many different meanings, although it continues its basic functions such as protection from İskenderiye, rarity cabinets and the first examples of modern museology to today's contemporary museum examples. It was also considered an important indicator of power, with the first examples that made sense in the disorder of presenting and accumulating only valuable and important objects to temples as votive offerings, and collecting and gathering everything that is unique or rare. Later on, museums, which were considered only in terms of space and collection, were used functionally in the process of nationalization; It has gained new functions such as education and communication by transforming into institutions that open to the public, take on new roles in meeting the society and continue their work for the benefit of the society. These changes in the structure of museums have led to the emergence of new approaches in terms of museology. In this article, new approaches and applications in museology will be examined. First of all, the changes in the definitions of museums and the functions of museums will be evaluated. Then, the different roles of museums in their relations with society will be interpreted, which choose to present time as a whole as past, present and future instead of turning their point of view only to the past. In this context, it will be discussed that museums become intermediaries that make the visitors think about the past, interpret the present, make inferences about the future and lead them to question. Thus, it will be pointed out that the one-way communication style that museums establish with their visitors has changed. In addition, various purposes of museums such as reaching different communities, reflecting the polyphonic aspect of these communities to the museum, creating space and suggestions to find solutions to the difficulties experienced, and working in cooperation with communities will be examined in terms of communication. In this respect, the article will focus on the social studies of museums and give examples from the world and Turkey. The place of museum accessibility and community participation among these goals will also be questioned. The transformation of museums with these new features and functions will be interpreted in the context of changing the easily identifiable aspect of the museum in terms of content and functionality. Finally, it will be evaluated that the museum has become an institution that is difficult to define with its many different examples, which is difficult to put into a common mold, but whose most important purpose is to integrate with the society in all circumstances.

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