Özet:

The Objectives of the Current Research Are Determined By Identifying: Historical enlightenment amongfifth-grade literary students. Cognitive flexibility amongfifth-grade literary students. Correlational relationship between historical enlightenment and cognitive flexibility among fifth-grade literary students. In order to verify the objectives of the current research, the researcher built a test for historical enlightenment and the test consisted of (40) questions. By re-testing, the reliability coefficient reached (0.70) and the reliability  coefficient in the analysis of variance was (0.70), and the researcher adopted the cognitive flexibility scale prepared by Al-Farmawi 1980 and legalized it in Al-Tikriti 2011, and the scale consisted of (38) items. The two tools were applied to a sample of (400) students who were randomly selected from the fifth literary grade students. After collecting the information and processing it statistically, the researcher reached the following results: From the results of the current research, the researcher concluded the following: The fifth grade literary students possess a good level of historical enlightenment. The literary fifth grade students have a good level of cognitive flexibility. There is a statistically significant relationship between historical enlightenment and cognitive flexibility in the research sample. Based on the results of the current research, the researcher recommended a number of recommendations and suggestions.

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