Özet:

The museums are directly responsible for the collection, documentation, preservation, exhibition, interpretation and research of the material and non-material cultural heritage, natural and technological heritage. The board of directors of the museums and the experts in the strategic management and control of the museums are committed to preserving and developing both this heritage and the human, physical and financial resources provided for this purpose in an ethical framework. Ethics is a concept that tries to understand the needs and nature of the moral concept in order to directly distinguish the errors, sometimes referred to as moral, moral philosophy or moral science by Western tradition. The International Council of Museums (ICOM) has established "Ethical Rules for Museums" in order to determine the limits of these responsibilities and standard approaches in the museum, and has promoted the recognition of the values shared by the international museum community by setting minimum professional standards. Most of the time the definition of the museum is changed by ICOM, it is observed that the ethical approaches and codes in the museum are also changed. This reference tool, known as ethical codes, guides the experts in the field in terms of museum approaches and is presented as a series of principles supported by the rules that detail the expected professional practice. Ethical codes are designed as a professional self-control tool for museums. ICOM expects the members of the museums to accept these rules and to comply with these rules in the works of the museum. The museum’s ethical codes have been translated into 38 languages since they were first adopted in 1986 and renewed in 2004 and have been adopted among the conditions to be taken into account in order to ensure sustainability. Sustainability in the framework of museum works involves reviewing the primary principles of museum works, evaluating the cultural needs and opportunities of communities, and examining how organizations are oriented towards these cultural situations. Ethical codes to support sustainability address the various issues related to the museum, such as collection management, exhibition and interpretation processes, acquisition and compliance processes, management of museum resources, museum security, return and compensation, the planning of museum events, relations with the community and the audience. The most important function of ethical codes is to develop the knowledge of the museums formed in the processes of preserving, interpreting and promoting the natural and cultural heritage of mankind and to facilitate the adaptation to the development of the museum as the primary testimony of this process. In the postmodern museum process, where the museums of the future are expected to deal with the concepts of "radical transparency, social responsibility and corporate ethics" as new ethical codes, ICOM promotes and defends the ethical codes it prepares during training sessions worldwide, including practical case studies, to help museum professionals implement their values and principles. This study covers the museum work in the UK, Australia, Canada, the United States and South Africa, which establishes the national museum ethical codes based on the museum ethical codes prepared by ICOM, and aims to identify the ethical codes to be adopted in the "new normal in music" process that appears after the COVID 19 epidemic. The study emphasizes the place and importance of social functions in the works of museums in the context of the ethical codes in these countries, and the methods of use of ethical codes have been evaluated through social functions in the context of the contemporary museum definition.

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