Görüntüleme
43
İndirme
13
Dinî semboller ilk uygarlıklardan günümüze kadar insan yaşamının ayrılmaz unsurlarından birisi olmuştur. Ne var ki günümüz insanının bireysel ve toplumsal yaşamı üzerindeki etkisi bilimsel çalışmalarda henüz açık biçimde ortaya konulmuş değildir. Bu minvalde çalışmanın amacı dinî sembollere yönelik tutumları geçerli ve güvenilir olarak ölçebilen bir ölçme aracını geliştirmek ve bazı demografik değişkenlere göre karşılaştırma yapmaktır. Geliştirilen taslak ölçek ilk olarak Kastamonu Üniversitesinin çeşitli fakültelerinde öğrenim gören 410 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Bu örneklemden elde edilen verilerle ölçeğin faktör yapısı açımlayıcı faktör analiziyle belirlenmiş, güvenirlik analizleri yapılmıştır. Toplam 38 maddenin yer aldığı üç alt faktörlü bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Faktör yapısı belirlenen ölçek yaşları 18-65 arasında değişen 403 kişilik ikinci bir örnekleme uygulanmıştır. Bu örneklemden elde edilen verilere uygulanan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi neticesinde üç faktörlü yapı doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen uyum indeksleri RMSEA=0,081, NFI = 0,96, NNFI = 0,98, PNFI = 0,90, CFI= 0,98, IFI= 0,98, GFI = 0,87, AGFI= 0,89’dur. Cronbach Alfa katsayısı; 1. boyut için 0,97, ikinci boyut için 0,89 ve üçüncü boyut için 0,84’dir. Ayrıca her bir faktör için ortalama varyans değeri (AVE) ve kompozit güvenirlik (CR) değeri hesaplanmıştır. AVE değerleri faktörler için sırayla 0,62, 0,54 ve 0,58, CR değeri ise sırayla 0,97, 0,89 ve 0,87’dir. Bu sonuçlar ölçeğin ikinci örneklemde yaptığı ölçümün geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. İlaveten demografik değişkenlere göre dinî sembollere yönelik tutumlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre cinsiyet ve eğitim değişkenine göre dinî sembollere yönelik tutumlar farklılık göstermezken, dinî sembolleri tanıma düzeyi, öznel din algısı, yaş ve gelir değişkenleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılıklar görülmüştür.
Religious symbols have been one of the inseparable elements of human life from the early civilizations to today. However, the influence of today’s man on individual and social life has not yet been clearly revealed in scientific studies. The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool that can measure the attitudes towards religious symbols in a valid and reliable way and to make comparisons according to some demographic variables. The draft scale developed was first applied to 410 students who studied at the various faculty of the University of Kastamonu. The data obtained from this sample and the factor structure of the scale are determined by the factor analysis, reliability analyses have been made. A scale of three subfactors has been achieved in a total of 38 items. A second sample of 403 people was applied, which varied between the ages of the factor structure determined from 18-65. The verifying factor analysis applied to the data obtained from this sample has confirmed the three-factor structure. The achieved conformity indices are RMSEA = 0,081, NFI = 0,96, NNFI = 0,98, PNFI = 0,90, CFI = 0,98, IFI = 0,98, GFI = 0,87, AGFI = 0,89. The Cronbach Alfa ratio is 0.97 for the 1st dimension, 0.89 for the 2nd dimension and 0.84 for the 3rd dimension. The average variance value (AVE) and the composite reliability (CR) for each factor are also calculated. AVE values for factors are 0.62, 0.54 and 0.58 in order, while CR values are 0.97, 0.89 and 0.87 in order. These findings showed that the measurement made in the second sample of the scale is valid and reliable. According to demographic variables, the attitudes towards religious symbols are compared. According to the findings, the attitudes towards religious symbols are not different according to gender and educational variables, but there are significant differences between the groups in terms of the level of recognition of religious symbols, subjective religious perception, age and income variables.
Religious symbols have been an integral part of human life since the first civilizations. The symbols that play an intermediary role in human communication with the sacred have emerged in the form of concepts, spaces, shapes, or rituals. However, the place, value and effect of religious symbols are not clear in human life that has become secular and cosmopolitan today. Moreover, there are very limited scientific studies devoted to the subject. One of the prerequisites for opening a concept or a phenomenon to discussion in accordance with scientific principles and methods is to have measurement tools suitable for the problem. Based on these reasons, it is aimed to develop an attitude scale towards religious symbols, to make validity and reliability analysis and to make comparisons according to some personal variables. For this purpose, a draft scale was developed by scanning the relevant literature and taking the opinions of experts. This draft scale was applied to 410 students studying at various faculties of Kastamonu University. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on these data. As a result of the analysis, 38 items were collected under 3 sub-factors. The first dimension is called “positive emotions-thoughts-behaviors towards religious symbols”, the second dimension is “religious symbols as an element of social separation” and the third dimension is “religious symbols as an element of social respect and tolerance”. The internal consistency of the scale was examined with Cronbach Alpha. The Cronbach Alpha value of the 1st factor is 0.96, of 2nd factor 0.81, and of the 3rd factor as 0.75. In the second phase, the scale was applied to 403 people. Confirmatory factor analysis of the scale was performed on the data obtained from this sample. CFA fit indices are as follows; [x^2= 1526.95, sd = 659, P-value = 0.000], x^2/ df = 2.31, RMSEA = 0.081, NFI = 0.96, NNFI = 0.98, PGFI = 0.90, CFI = 0.98, IFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.87, AGFI = 0.89. For the reliability analysis of the data obtained from the second sample, the Cronbach's Alpha value, composite reliability CR and convergent validity (AVE) values were calculated separately on the basis of dimensions. The Cronbah Alpha value is 0.97 for the 1st Factor, 0.89 for the 2nd Factor, and 0.84 for the 3rd Factor. AVE values for factors are 0.62, 0.54 and 0.58, respectively. The CR value is 0.97, 0.89 and 0.87, respectively. These results showed that the internal consistency, convergent validity and composite reliability of the measurement made by the scale in the second sample were also high. After determining the valid and reliable measurement capacity of the scale of psychosocial attitudes towards religious symbols, inferential statistical analysis were conducted in order to compare the attitudes towards religious symbols according to some demographic variables. Comparing psychosocial attitudes towards religious symbols according to the level of recognition of religious symbols, the mean scores of respect and tolerance towards religious symbols differed. While the recognition level of symbols increased, respect and tolerance towards religious symbols also increased. When the recognition level of symbols increased, respect and tolerance towards religious symbols also increased. Psychosocial attitudes towards religious symbols also vary according to the importance of religion in the person. While the average scores of those who said “religion is very important” from the first and third factors were the highest, those who said “religion is not important at all” got the highest average scores from the second sub-factor. When the psychosocial attitudes towards religious symbols were compared according to gender and education variables, no statistically significant difference was found. However, when the psychosocial attitudes towards religious symbols were compared according to age and income variables, the average scores of young adults (18-29 years old) in all three subscales differed significantly in favor of young adults from the advanced middle age group (46 years and over).
Alan : İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
Makale Detay 
Benzer Makaleler
PDF Görüntüle
Dergi Bilgisi
Eseri Dinleyin
Alıntı Yap
Bu Sayfayı Yazdırın
Paylaş
Mendeley
