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İBADET AHLAK İLİŞKİSİ: HADİSLER BAĞLAMINDA BİR İNCELEME ÖZ Kur’an gibi hadislerin de ana konularından birisi hiç şüphesiz ahlaktır. Zira Hz. Peygamber, gönderiliş gayesinin güzel ahlakı tamamlamak olduğunu beyan etmiş, ibadet ahlak ilişkisini söz fiil ve takrirleriyle ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda hadis musannefatı, ibadet ahlak ilişkisine dair çok sayıda rivayeti bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Ancak bu rivayetlerin tamamı, ahlaki erdemlere ağırlık veren, güzel ahlaka teşvik eden, ahlaki değerleri gösteren “hüsnü’l-hulk”, “kitâbü’l-birr”, “kitâbü’l-edeb” gibi bölümlerde ya da ahlak hadislerini bir araya getiren edep, mekârim, fedâil, zühd adı altında derlenen müstakil kitaplarda yer almamaktadır. Çünkü bu kitapları telif eden müellifler ahlakı din ve dünyadan ayrı bir husus olarak tahayyül etmemişlerdir. Onlara göre ahlak hayatın tamamıdır. Kısaca ahlak, Hz. Peygamberden onlara ulaşan ve sahih olan her şeydir. Bu noktadan bakıldığında hadis musannefatının tamamı ahlakla ilgilidir. “Kitabü’s- salât” bölümlerinde sadece namazın faziletine, kılınış şekline, ahkâmına dair rivayetler toplanmamıştır. Bilakis hem namazın ahlakına, hem de namazı kılan kişide oluşacak faziletlere, namaz kılmaktan kaçınanlarda ortaya çıkacak kötü fiil ve davranışlara kadar namaz-ahlak ilişkisine dair çok sayıda rivayet de bu bölümün altında cem edilmiştir. Din iyiyi ve kötüyü, helali haramı, marufu münkeri belirler. Ahlak ise bunların yaşam tarzına dönüştürülmesini, davranış biçimi ve bilinci haline gelmesini sağlar. Bu sebebe binaen rivayetlerde ibadetlerle ahlaki erdemler kimi zaman iç içe, kimi zaman peş peşe yer almıştır. İbadet ahlak ilişkisi, genelde ibadetin gereği gibi ifası sonucu faziletlerin ortaya çıkması, ibadetleri yerine getirmeme ya da gereği gibi ifa etmemenin reziletlere neden olabileceği bağlamda ele alınmıştır. Allah ile kul arasında kurulan bir bağ mesabesinde olan ibadet, bireyde murakabe ve ihsan duygusunun neşet etmesine ve bireyin değer üretmesine vesile olur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Peygamber, Hadis, Rivayet, İbadet, Ahlak. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORSHIP AND ETHICS: AN ANALYSE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF HADITH (PROPHETIC TRADITIONS) SUMMARY As it is Qur’an, one of the main topics of hadith is ethics. Because Prophet Muhammad declared the aim of his prophecy as completing the ethics, moreover, he asserted the relationship between worship and ethics through his words, acts and deeds. Due to this fact, hadith compilations contain great number of narrations related to worship-ethics relations. However, this kind of narrations do not take place only under specific titles in major hadith compilations such as “good characters”, “the book of virtues and good manners” and “the book of etiquette” or particular hadith compilations named “generosities”, “virtues” and “zuhd”. Because hadith compilers perceived the virtues as in strong connection with the religion and this present life. In their perception, virtues are the whole life and everything, which is authentically transmitted form the Prophet. From this point of view, the whole hadith literature is related to the virtues. While the religion determines good and bad, lawful and unlawful, kind and denied, virtues transform these concepts into an awareness, a life style and a behavioural pattern. For this reason, worships and ethical virtues go hand in hand in hadith narrations: Whereas a proper performance of worships leads virtues, a non-performance or failure in performance causes vices. The worship, which is considered a connection between Allah and his servant, leads the emergence of self-observation and courtesy virtues in the inner world of an individual. Keywords: Prophet, Hadith, Narrative, Worship, Ethics.
The Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an, the Qur’an is the Qur’an. by Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) declared that the purpose of sending is to complete the good morality, and revealed the morality of worship with the words of the fact and the purposes. In this context, the hadith musannefat contains a lot of righteousness about the moral relationship of worship. But all of these rivages are not included in sections such as "Hüsnü'l-Hulk", "Kitabü'l-Birr", "Kitabü'l-Edeb" which emphasize the moral virtues, promoting good morality, demonstrating moral values, or in the special books that gather the moral events, and are compiled under the name of Mecârim, fedâil, Zühd. For those who have written these books have not conceived morality as a distinctive aspect of religion and the world. The morality is the whole of life. The morality, Hz. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is all that is true. From this point of view, all of the hadith musannefat is related to morality. In the Book of the Holy Spirit, there is no one who gives righteousness to the Holy Spirit, but the one who gives righteousness to the Lord. There is a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness and a great deal of righteousness. The good and the evil, and the wicked, and the wicked, and the wicked. The morality makes it possible to transform them into a way of life, to a way of behavior and consciousness. This is because of the righteousness of the worship of the worship of the worship of the worship of the worship of the worship of the worship. The moral relationship of worship is often addressed in the context that the appearance of favourites as a result of worship, the failure to perform worship or the failure to perform worship as a result of worship can cause shame. The worship between God and the servant is a connection that is established between the worship and the worship of the worship and the worship of the worship and the worship of the worship and the worship of the worship and the worship of the worship. Keywords: Prophet, Hadis, Rivayet, Advocate, Ethics. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORSHIP AND ETHICS: AN ANALYSE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF HADITH (PROPHETIC TRADITIONS) SUMMARY As it is the Qur'an, one of the main topics of hadith is ethics. Because Prophet Muhammad declared the purpose of his prophecy as completing the ethics, moreover, he asserted the relationship between worship and ethics through his words, acts and deeds. Due to this fact, hadith compilations contain great number of narrations related to worship-ethics relations. However, this kind of narrations do not take place only under specific titles in major hadith compilations such as "good characters", "the book of virtues and good manners" and "the book of etiquette" or particular hadith compilations named "generosities", "virtues" and "zuhd". Because hadith compilers perceived the virtues as in strong connection with the religion and this present life. In their perception, virtues are the whole life and everything, which is authentically transmitted in the form of the Prophet. From this point of view, the whole hadith literature is related to the virtues. While the religion determines good and evil, lawful and unlawful, kind and denied, virtues transform these concepts into a awareness, a lifestyle and a behavioral pattern. For this reason, worships and ethical virtues go hand in hand in hadith narrations: Whereas a proper performance of worships leads virtues, a non-performance or failure in performance causes vices. The worship, which is considered a connection between God and his servant, leads the emergence of self-observation and courtesy virtues in the inner world of an individual. Keywords: Prophet, Hadith, Narrative, Worship, Ethics.
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Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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